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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (06) : 538 -545. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2025.06.008

综述

经自然腔道取标本手术在结直肠肿瘤中无菌与无瘤技术的研究进展
王思远1,2, 刘馨3, 曹永丽1, 李明1, 张远耀1, 魏东4,()   
  1. 1471031 洛阳,中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八九医院全军肛肠外科研究所
    2710032 西安,空军军医大学西京消化病医院消化外科
    3471031 洛阳,中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八九医院营养科
    4471031 洛阳,郑州大学附属洛阳中心医院胃结直肠肛门外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-25 出版日期:2025-12-25
  • 通信作者: 魏东
  • 基金资助:
    2023年度九八九医院院内课题(No. 9892023YNKT-08B)

Research progress on sterile and tumor-free safety for natural orifice specimen extraction surgery in colorectal tumors

Siyuan Wang1,2, Xin Liu3, Yongli Cao1, Ming Li1, Yuanyao Zhang1, Dong Wei4,()   

  1. 1Institute of Anal-Colorectal Surgery, the 989th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Luoyang 471031, China
    2Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
    3Department of Nutrition, the 989th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Luoyang 471031, China
    4Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal Surgery, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang 471031, China
  • Received:2025-06-25 Published:2025-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Dong Wei
引用本文:

王思远, 刘馨, 曹永丽, 李明, 张远耀, 魏东. 经自然腔道取标本手术在结直肠肿瘤中无菌与无瘤技术的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(06): 538-545.

Siyuan Wang, Xin Liu, Yongli Cao, Ming Li, Yuanyao Zhang, Dong Wei. Research progress on sterile and tumor-free safety for natural orifice specimen extraction surgery in colorectal tumors[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(06): 538-545.

结直肠癌是全球范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,手术切除仍是根治性治疗的核心手段。尽管腹腔镜手术已显著推动了微创治疗的发展,但传统腹壁辅助切口仍存在术后疼痛、切口疝及感染等并发症风险。在此背景下,经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)因无腹壁辅助切口的优势,成为了结直肠癌手术领域的研究热点。以王锡山教授为代表的中国学者通过系统性探索和技术创新,推动中国NOSES从萌芽阶段迈向了相对成熟阶段,显著提升了患者术后生活质量。然而,这一手术方式仍面临着无菌和无瘤技术两个关键挑战,本文将系统综述NOSES在结直肠癌中的无菌、无瘤技术的研究进展,结合国内外技术实践差异与智能辅助器械革新方向,为技术标准化与临床转化提供思路。

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, with surgical resection remaining the cornerstone of curative treatment. Although laparoscopic surgery has significantly advanced the development of minimally invasive treatments, the traditional abdominal wall-assisted incision still carries risks of postoperative pain, incisional hernia, and infection. Against this backdrop, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES), which eliminates the need for abdominal wall incisions, has emerged as a research focal focus in colorectal cancer surgery. Through systematic exploration and technological innovation led by Chinese scholars such as professor Wang Xishan, NOSES in China has transitioned from its nascent phase to a relatively mature stage, significantly improving postoperative quality of life for patients. However, this surgical approach still faces two critical challenges: aseptic and tumor-free safety. This review aims to systematically summarize the research progress on aseptic and tumor-free issues in NOSES for colorectal cancer, integrates global technical practice variations and innovations in intelligent assistive devices, and proposes strategies for technical standardization and clinical translation.

表1 NOSES手术与传统腹腔镜手术术后并发症、感染情况比较
表2 NOSES术后腹腔灌洗液的微生物学、细胞学分析结果
表3 R-NOSES手术短期并发症与长期生存结果比较
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[9] 张宇坤, 王春林, 周珉玮, 李震洋, 周易明, 顾晓冬, 项建斌. 放疗诱导微卫星稳定型结直肠癌细胞外泌体成分变化及其增强CD8+T细胞功能的体外研究[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(06): 526-532.
[10] 张金珠, 陈海鹏, 赵志勋, 王锡山. 耗竭性CD8+T细胞表型对结直肠癌免疫检查点阻断剂疗效的影响[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(06): 533-537.
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[12] 中国医师协会外科医师分会, 中华医学会外科分会胃肠外科学组, 中华医学会外科分会结直肠外科学组, 中国抗癌协会大肠癌专业委员会, 中国医师协会结直肠肿瘤专业委员会, 中国临床肿瘤学会结直肠癌专家委员会, 中国医师协会外科医师分会结直肠外科医师委员会, 中国医师协会肛肠医师分会肿瘤转移委员会, 中华医学会肿瘤学分会结直肠肿瘤学组, 中国医疗保健国际交流促进会转移肿瘤治疗学分会, 中国医疗保健国际交流促进会结直肠病分会. 结直肠癌肝转移诊断和综合治疗指南(V 2025)[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(05): 398-411.
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