值此中华医学会成立110周年之际，本文回顾了中国微创手术的发展历程，重点介绍了经自然腔道取标本手术（NOSES）的革新之路。作为中国原创的微创外科技术，NOSES通过巧妙利用人体自然腔道取出手术标本，避免了传统手术的腹壁辅助切口，实现了"微创中的微创"。本文从技术起源、理论体系构建、国内推广、国际影响及未来展望五个方面，系统阐述了NOSES从概念提出到全球推广的全过程。在中华医学会的引领和支持下，NOSES技术已成为中国医学走向世界的典范，为全球微创外科发展贡献了"中国方案"。NOSES的成功不仅是中华医学会110年辉煌历程的生动写照，更是中国医学人"敢为人先、追求卓越"精神的最佳诠释。

On the occasion of the 110^th anniversary of the Chinese Medical Association, this article reviews the development of minimally invasive surgery in China, with a focus on the innovative journey of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES). As an original Chinese minimally invasive technique, NOSES utilizes natural orifices to extract surgical specimens, eliminating the need for traditional abdominal incisions and achieving "minimally invasive within minimally invasive." The paper systematically details the evolution of NOSES from conceptualization to global dissemination, covering its technical origins, theoretical framework, domestic promotion, international influence, and future prospects. Under the leadership and support of the Chinese Medical Association, NOSES has become a global exemplar of Chinese medical innovation, contributing a "Chinese solution" to the advancement of minimally invasive surgery worldwide. The success of NOSES not only reflects the glorious 110-year history of the Chinese Medical Association but also exemplifies the pioneering and excellence-seeking spirit of Chinese medical professionals.