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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (05) : 368 -374. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2024.05.003

论著

局部进展期直肠癌经新辅助放化疗后肿瘤退缩分级及预后的影响因素分析
王哲学1, 白峻阁1, 姜得地1, 李月刚1, 杨明1, 陈海鹏1,(), 刘正1,()   
  1. 1.100021 北京,国家癌症中心/ 国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/ 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院结直肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-10 出版日期:2024-10-25
  • 通信作者: 陈海鹏, 刘正

Factors influencing tumor regression grade and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

Zhexue Wang1, Junge Bai1, Dedi Jiang1, Yuegang Li1, Ming Yang1, Haipeng Chen1,(), Zheng Liu1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
  • Received:2024-07-10 Published:2024-10-25
  • Corresponding author: Haipeng Chen, Zheng Liu
引用本文:

王哲学, 白峻阁, 姜得地, 李月刚, 杨明, 陈海鹏, 刘正. 局部进展期直肠癌经新辅助放化疗后肿瘤退缩分级及预后的影响因素分析[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2024, 13(05): 368-374.

Zhexue Wang, Junge Bai, Dedi Jiang, Yuegang Li, Ming Yang, Haipeng Chen, Zheng Liu. Factors influencing tumor regression grade and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy[J]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(05): 368-374.

目的

探讨局部进展期直肠癌(LARC)患者经新辅助放化疗(nCRT)后肿瘤退缩分级(TRG)及对远期预后的影响因素。

方法

回顾性分析2014 年9 月至2021 年7 月在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院接受nCRT 并行手术治疗的136 例LARC 患者的临床资料。通过单因素和多因素Logistic 回归分析评估影响TRG 的因素,并采用Kaplan-Meier 生存曲线及Cox 比例风险回归模型分析影响总生存期(OS)的因素。

结果

单因素分析显示,直肠系膜筋膜(MRF)和肠壁外血管侵犯(EMVI)是影响TRG 的重要因素(MRF:χ2=13.072,P<0.001;EMVI:χ2=8.397,P=0.004)。多因素Logistic 回归分析显示,MRF(OR=3.277,95%CI:1.190~9.606,P=0.024)是TRG 的显著影响因素。单因素Cox 回归分析显示,MRF(HR=4.555,95%CI:1.249~16.620,P=0.022)和CA19-9(HR=10.057,95%CI:2.983~33.909,P<0.001)对OS 具有显著影响。多因素Cox 回归分析进一步确认了MRF(HR=5.755,95%CI:1.549~21.376,P=0.009)和CA19-9(HR=13.331,95%CI:3.802~46.700,P<0.001)是影响OS 的独立预测因素。

结论

MRF 和CA19-9 是LARC 患者nCRT 后肿瘤退缩及预后的重要影响因素。临床上应重点关注MRF 和CA19-9 阳性患者,以优化个体化治疗策略,提高治疗效果和患者生存质量。

Objective

To investigate the factors influencing tumor regression grade (TRG)and long-term prognosis in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT),with the aim of identifying patients who can benefit from nCRT and finding accurate prognostic indicators.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 136 LARC patients who received nCRT followed by surgery at the Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from September 2014 to July 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the factors affecting TRG,and Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze factors influencing overall survival (OS).

Results

Univariate analysis revealed that mesorectal fascia (MRF) and extramural vascular invasion(EMVI) were significant factors affecting TRG (MRF: χ2=13.072,P<0.001; EMVI: χ2=8.397,P=0.004).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that MRF (OR=3.277,95%CI: 1.190~9.606,P=0.024)significantly influenced TRG. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that MRF (HR=4.555,95%CI:1.249~16.620,P=0.022) and CA19-9 (HR=10.057,95%CI: 2.983~33.909,P<0.001) significantly influenced OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed that MRF (HR=5.755,95%CI: 1.549~21.376,P=0.009) and CA19-9 (HR=13.331,95%CI: 3.802~46.700,P<0.001) were independent predictors of OS.

Conclusion

MRF and CA19-9 are important factors influencing tumor regression and prognosis in LARC patients after nCRT. Clinical focus should be on MRF and CA19-9 positive patients to optimize individualized treatment strategies,thereby improving treatment outcomes and patient survival.

表1 LARC 患者经nCRT 后获得不同TRG 的单因素分析
因素 肿瘤退缩分级不良组(n=74) 肿瘤退缩分级良好组(n=62) χ 2 P
性别 0.158 0.691
57(77.03) 45(72.58)
17(22.97) 17(27.42)
年龄(岁) 4.790 0.091
≤50 13(17.57) 21(33.87)
51~69 51(68.92) 34(54.84)
≥70 10(13.51) 7(11.29)
BMI/(kg/m2 0.000 0.999
<23.9 36(48.65) 31(50.00)
≥23.9 38(51.35) 31(50.00)
肿瘤周径范围 0.000 0.999
<1/2 57(77.03) 48(77.42)
≥1/2 17(22.97) 14(22.58)
肿瘤最大直径(mm) 0.000 0.999
<40 26(35.14) 21(33.87)
≥40 48(64.86) 41(66.13)
肿瘤肠壁最大厚度(mm) 0.753 0.386
<15 50(67.57) 47(75.81)
≥15 24(32.43) 15(24.19)
MRF 13.072 <0.001
阴性 26(35.14) 42(67.74)
阳性 48(64.86) 20(32.26)
EMVI 8.397 0.004
阴性 27(36.49) 39(62.9)
阳性 47(63.51) 23(37.1)
D-二聚体(mg/L) 3.371 0.066
<0.5 63(85.14) 58(93.55)
≥0.5 11(14.86) 4(6.45)
CEA(ng/mL) 1.099 0.294
<5 34(45.95) 35(56.45)
≥5 40(54.05) 27(43.55)
CA19-9(U/mL) 0.000 0.999
<37 64(86.49) 53(85.48)
≥37 10(13.51) 9(14.52)
nCRT前T分期 0.090 0.764
T3 62(83.78) 54(87.1)
T4 12(16.22) 8(12.9)
nCRT前N分期 0.035 0.853
N0 10(13.51) 10(16.13)
N+ 64(86.49) 52(83.87)
nCRT前肿瘤距肛门距离(cm) 0.019 0.890
>5 33(44.59) 26(41.94)
≤5 41(55.41) 36(58.06)
nCRT后肿瘤距肛门距离(cm) 0.000 0.999
>5 28(37.84) 24(38.71)
≤5 46(62.16) 38(61.29)
nCRT前后肿瘤与肛门距离 0.264 0.607
不变或减小 61(82.43) 48(77.42)
变大 13(17.57) 14(22.58)
表2 LARC 患者经nCRT 后获得不同TRG 分级的多因素Logistic 回归分析
图1 TRG 良好组和TRG 不良组的OS 预后比较
图2 MRF 阳性组和MRF 阴性组的OS 预后比较
图3 CA19-9 阳性组和CA19-9 阴性组的OS 预后比较
表3 OS 影响因素的单因素分析
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