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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (01) : 72 -84. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2026.01.008

经验交流

脐带间充质干细胞治疗克罗恩病肛瘘的长期疗效和安全性临床观察
陆雅斐1,2,3,4, 皇甫少华1, 杨旭1, 朱勇1, 周春根1, 郑正1, 马传学1, 王大伟1, 陈澳1, 林宏城2,3,4, 廖联明5, 江滨,1()   
  1. 1210022 南京中医药大学附属南京中医院肛肠中心
    2510655 广州,中山大学附属第六医院肛肠外科
    3510655 广州,广东省结直肠盆底疾病研究重点实验室
    4510655 广州市黄埔区中六生物医学创新研究院
    5350001 福州,福建医科大学附属协和医院中心实验室
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-09 出版日期:2026-02-25
  • 通信作者: 江滨
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技计划专项资金重点研发计划社会发展面上项目(No. BE2022674)

Long-term efficacy and safety of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment for anal fistula in Crohn's disease: a clinical study

Yafei Lu1,2,3,4, Shaohua Huangfu1, Xu Yang1, Yong Zhu1, Chungen Zhou1, Zheng Zheng1, Chuanxue Ma1, Dawei Wang1, Ao Chen1, Hongcheng Lin2,3,4, Lianming Liao5, Bin Jiang,1()   

  1. 1Center for Colorectal Diseases, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China
    2Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
    3Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou 510655, China
    4Zhongliu Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510655, China
    5Central Laboratory, Union Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
  • Received:2025-10-09 Published:2026-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Bin Jiang
引用本文:

陆雅斐, 皇甫少华, 杨旭, 朱勇, 周春根, 郑正, 马传学, 王大伟, 陈澳, 林宏城, 廖联明, 江滨. 脐带间充质干细胞治疗克罗恩病肛瘘的长期疗效和安全性临床观察[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2026, 15(01): 72-84.

Yafei Lu, Shaohua Huangfu, Xu Yang, Yong Zhu, Chungen Zhou, Zheng Zheng, Chuanxue Ma, Dawei Wang, Ao Chen, Hongcheng Lin, Lianming Liao, Bin Jiang. Long-term efficacy and safety of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment for anal fistula in Crohn's disease: a clinical study[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 15(01): 72-84.

目的

本研究旨在评估人脐带间充质干细胞(hUCMSCs)局部注射治疗克罗恩病肛瘘(pfCD)的临床疗效与安全性。

方法

纳入2022年10月至2024年12月期间在南京中医药大学附属南京中医院接受治疗的19例非活动期pfCD患者(年龄15~39岁),行肛周局部hUCMSCs移植手术治疗,并进行6~12个月的随访。通过临床体征和MRI影像学评估瘘管闭合情况,观察克罗恩病活动指数(CDAI)、肛周疾病活动指数(PDAI)、视觉疼痛模拟评分(VAS)、炎症性肠病生活质量评分(IBDQ)和Wexner肛门失禁评分的动态变化,同时记录不良事件及营养指标。

结果

术后6个月和12个月的累积瘘管愈合率分别为73.7%(14/19)和90.9%(10/11),盆腔MRI证实瘘管完全闭合。患者临床活动指数在治疗全程维持在非活动期水平。与基线相比,术后第14天的CDAI评分显著下降,中位数降至27.5(13.5,40.4)(Z=−3.175,P=0.009)。PDAI指数在术后第二个月下降至2.0(0.0,2.0)(Z=−2.839,P=0.022)。VAS评分中位数在术后1个月至6个月降至0分(P>0.05)。IBDQ评分在术后第七天略有下降[201.0(195.0,212.5)(P>0.05)],至术后第14天恢复至基线水平。Wexner肛门失禁评分较基线有改善趋势,但差异未达到统计学意义(Z=−1.472,P>0.05),表明未见肛门功能损伤。此外,研究期间42.1%(8/19)的患者出现轻度、自限性疼痛,10.5%(2/19)出现短暂低热,未发生严重不良事件。术后6个月白蛋白水平较基线显著升高(t=3.370,P=0.010)。

结论

hUCMSCs局部注射治疗pfCD具有创伤小、恢复快、疼痛轻、肛门功能保护良好等优点,显示出较高的临床有效性和安全性。

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of local injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in the treatment of perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease (pfCD).

Methods

Nineteen patients with non-active pfCD (aged 15~39 years) who received treatment at Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine between October 2022 and December 2024 were included. They underwent perianal local hUCMSCs transplantation surgery and were followed up for 6 to 12 months. The fistula closure was assessed through clinical signs and MRI imaging. The Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Perianal Disease Activity Index (PDAI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ), and Wexner score for anal incontinence were dynamically monitored. Adverse events and nutritional indicators were also recorded.

Results

The cumulative fistula healing rates at 6 and 12 months postoperatively were 73.7% (14/19) and 90.9% (10/11), respectively, with complete fistula closure confirmed by pelvic MRI. The patients’ clinical activity index remained at an inactive level throughout the treatment period. Compared with baseline, the CDAI score showed a significant decrease by postoperative day 14, with the median score dropping to 27.5 (13.5, 40.4) (Z=−3.175, P=0.009). The PDAI index decreased to 2.0 (0.0, 2.0) by the second postoperative month (Z=−2.839, P=0.022). The median VAS score dropped to 0 from 1 to 6 months after surgery (P>0.05). The IBDQ score showed a slight, non-significant decrease on postoperative day 7 [201.0 (195.0, 212.5) (P>0.05)] and returned to baseline levels by postoperative day 14. The Wexner incontinence score demonstrated an improving trend compared with baseline, although the difference was not statistically significant (Z=−1.472, P>0.05), indicating no impairment of anal function. Furthermore, during the study period, mild and self-limiting pain was observed in 42.1% (8/19) of patients, and transient low-grade fever occurred in 10.5% (2/19), with no serious adverse events reported. Albumin levels were significantly increased at 6 months postoperatively compared with baseline (t=3.370, P=0.010).

Conclusion

Local injection of hUCMSCs for the treatment of pfCD offers advantages such as minimal trauma, fast recovery, light pain, and good anal function protection, demonstrating high clinical efficacy and safety.

图1 临床研究流程图
图2 hUCMSCs形态与细胞免疫表型鉴定
表1 完成和未完成12个月随访的受试者基线信息比较[±sMQ1Q3)]
图3 瘘管不同时间愈合率
图4 患者治疗前后不同时间肛瘘恢复情况
图5 治疗前后不同时间点CDAI比较
表2 CDAI评分[MQ1Q3)]
图6 治疗前后不同时间点PDAI比较
表3 PDAI评分[MQ1Q3)]
图7 治疗前后Wexner评分比较
表4 Wexner失禁评分[MQ1Q3)]
图8 治疗前后不同时间点VAS评分比较
表5 VAS疼痛评分[MQ1Q3)]
图9 治疗前后不同时间点IBDQ比较
表6 IBDQ评分[MQ1Q3)]
图10 治疗前后不同时间点炎症指标比较
表7 炎症水平指标[±sMQ1Q3)]
图11 治疗前后不同时间点营养指标比较
表8 营养状况指标[±sMQ1Q3)]
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