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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (05) : 402 -410. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2024.05.008

论著

分期施方熏洗对肛瘘术后患者创面肉芽组织生成的影响
胡安丽1,(), 黄建1, 王建平1, 王晓培1, 陈宏亮1, 陈虹羽1   
  1. 1.610081 成都大学附属医院肛肠科
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-16 出版日期:2024-10-25
  • 通信作者: 胡安丽
  • 基金资助:
    四川省中医管理局项目(No. 2022JC0075)

The effect of phased application of fumigation and washing on the generation of granulation tissue on the wound of patients after anal fistula surgery

Anli Hu1,(), Jian Huang1, Jianping Wang1, Xiaopei Wang1, Hongliang Chen1, Hongyu Chen1   

  1. 1.Department of Proctology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University,Chengdu 610081, China
  • Received:2024-07-16 Published:2024-10-25
  • Corresponding author: Anli Hu
引用本文:

胡安丽, 黄建, 王建平, 王晓培, 陈宏亮, 陈虹羽. 分期施方熏洗对肛瘘术后患者创面肉芽组织生成的影响[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2024, 13(05): 402-410.

Anli Hu, Jian Huang, Jianping Wang, Xiaopei Wang, Hongliang Chen, Hongyu Chen. The effect of phased application of fumigation and washing on the generation of granulation tissue on the wound of patients after anal fistula surgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(05): 402-410.

目的

探究分期施方熏洗对肛瘘术后患者创面肉芽组织生成的影响。

方法

选取2022 年1 月到2023 年11 月于成都大学附属医院肛肠科接受肛瘘手术的患者120 例,其中采用高锰酸钾药液熏洗治疗(对照组)和分期施方熏洗治疗(观察组)的患者各60 例,采用倾向评分匹配法对两组患者的临床资料进行1∶1 匹配,调整均衡性。比较两组患者临床疗效、创面愈合率,创面疼痛、水肿、分泌物评分,创面肉芽组织生成情况及创面肉芽组织免疫及炎症相关指标。采用广义估计方程模型(GEE)分析两组创面肉芽组织生成的影响程度及影响因素。

结果

两组患者的临床治疗总有效率分别为观察组100.00%(54/54)和对照组87.04%(47/54),观察组的临床治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(χ2=7.485,P=0.006)。在经过对比研究后,术后7 d、14 d、21 d、28 d 两组的创面愈合率均呈现显著增长,观察组术后7 d 的创面愈合率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.140,P=0.889),术后14 d(t=2.432,P=0.017)、21 d(t=3.210,P=0.002)、28 d(t=4.632,P<0.001)的愈合率均显著高于对照组。术后3 d、7 d、14 d,两组的创面疼痛、创缘水肿及分泌物评分均较术后1 d 显著降低,且观察组的降低程度显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。同时,两组的肉芽组织生长评分在术后3 d、7 d、14 d 均显著上升,其中观察组的增长幅度显著超过对照组(P<0.05)。术后3 d、7 d、14 d两组创面肉芽组织中的免疫相关指标CD86 表达量较术后1 d 显著降低(P<0.05),CD206、CD31 表达量升高(P<0.05);炎症相关指标IL-1β 表达量较术后1 d 显著降低(P<0.05),VEGF、vWF 表达量升高(P<0.05),观察组改善情况优于对照组(P<0.05)。经GEE 分析可见,观察组术后创面组织中CD206、CD31、VEGF、vWF 的升高程度和CD86、IL-1β 的降低程度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。CD86、CD206、CD31、VEGF、vWF、IL-1β、治疗方法均显著影响患者创面肉芽组织生成(P<0.05)。

结论

分期施方熏洗对肛瘘术后创面具有显著疗效,能够促进创面愈合,改善患者症状,同时还能改善肉芽组织中CD86、CD206、CD31、IL-1β、VEGF、vWF 的表达水平,安全可靠。

Objective

Exploring the effect of staged fumigation and washing on the generation of granulation tissue on the wound of patients after anal fistula surgery.

Methods

120 patients who underwent anal fistula surgery at the Colorectal Department of Chengdu University Affiliated Hospital from January 2022 to November 2023 were selected. Among them,sixty patients were treated with potassium permanganate solution fumigation (control group) and 60 patients were treated with staged formula fumigation (observation group). The clinical data of the two groups of patients were matched 1:1 using propensity score matching method to adjust the balance. Compare the clinical efficacy,wound healing rate,wound pain,edema,secretion scores,granulation tissue generation,and immune and inflammatory related indicators of granulation tissue between two groups of patients. Using Generalized Estimation Equation Modeling (GEE) to analyze the degree and influencing factors of granulation tissue generation in two groups of wounds.

Results

The total effective rates of clinical treatment in the two groups of patients were 100.00% (54/54) in the observation group and 87.04% (47/54) in the control group,respectively. The total effective rate of clinical treatment in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2=7.485,P=0.006). After a comparative study,the wound healing rates of the two groups at 7,14,21,and 28 days after surgery showed a significant increase. There was no significant difference in the wound healing rate between the observation group and the control group at 7 days after surgery (t=0.140,P=0.889). The healing rates at 14 days after surgery (t=2.432,P=0.017),21 days after surgery (t=3.210,P=0.002),and 28 days after surgery (t=4.632,P<0.001) were significantly higher than those in the control group. On postoperative days 3,7,and 14,the wound pain,wound margin edema,and secretion scores in both groups were significantly reduced compared to postoperative day 1,and the degree of reduction in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05). At the same time,the granulation tissue growth scores of both groups significantly increased on postoperative days 3,7,and 14,with the observation group showing a significantly greater increase than the control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of immune related markers CD86 in granulation tissue of two groups of wounds at 3,7,and 14 days after surgery were significantly reduced compared to 1 day after surgery (P<0.05),while the expression levels of CD206 and CD31 increased(P<0.05). The expression level of inflammation related indicators IL-1β was significantly reduced (P<0.05)compared to postoperative day 1,while the expression levels of VEGF and vWF increased (P<0.05). The improvement in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). As observed by GEE,the increase in CD206,CD31,VEGF,and vWF levels and the decrease in CD86 and IL-1β levels in the postoperative wound tissue of the observation group were superior to those of the control group (P<0.05).CD86,CD206,CD31,VEGF,vWF,IL-1β and treatment methods significantly affected the generation of granulation tissue in patients' wounds (P<0.05).

Conclusion

Staged application of formula fumigation and washing has significant therapeutic effects on postoperative anal fistula wounds,promoting wound healing,improving patient symptoms,and also improving the expression levels of CD86,CD206,CD31,IL-1β,VEGF,and vWF in granulation tissue. It is safe and reliable.

表1 两组患者倾向性匹配前后基线资料的比较[ ± s ,例(%)]
表2 两组患者的临床疗效比较[例(%)]
表3 两组患者创面愈合率比较
表4 两组患者创面疼痛、水肿及分泌物评分比较
表5 两组患者创面肉芽组织相关指标比较
表6 广义估计方程评价各指标的改善情况
续表
因素 β SE 95%CI 参数估计 95%CI
上限 下限 Wald χ2 OR P 上限 下限
年龄 1.168 0.695 -0.075 1.430 2.822 3.214 0.145 0.926 4.178
性别
男性 1.288 0.967 -0.005 1.758 1.774 3.625 0.138 0.995 5.802
女性 1.370 0.874 -0.134 1.543 2.458 3.936 0.146 0.873 4.679
BMI 1.446 0.935 -0.364 2.078 2.393 4.248 0.287 0.695 7.985
平均收缩压 1.533 0.714 -0.179 1.881 4.608 4.631 0.190 0.836 6.562
平均舒张压 1.340 0.689 -0.078 1.536 3.784 3.820 0.267 0.925 4.648
心率 1.083 0.934 -0.316 1.180 1.345 2.954 0.185 0.729 3.253
病程 1.729 0.857 -0.206 1.882 4.072 5.637 0.128 0.814 6.569
婚姻情况
已婚 1.344 0.676 -0.294 1.717 3.954 3.835 0.102 0.745 5.568
未婚 1.417 0.795 -0.362 1.834 3.178 4.126 0.293 0.696 6.257
离异、丧偶 1.079 0.621 -0.585 1.475 1.738 2.943 0.378 0.557 4.369
子女情况
1.456 0.953 -0.130 1.659 2.333 4.287 0.234 0.878 5.254
1.291 0.898 -0.060 1.604 2.068 3.638 0.193 0.942 4.975
居住环境
城市 1.074 0.617 -0.077 1.243 3.028 2.926 0.162 0.926 3.467
农村 1.180 0.784 -0.168 1.479 2.265 3.254 0.178 0.845 4.389
居住方式
独居 1.351 0.896 -0.149 1.737 2.275 3.863 0.132 0.862 5.683
与家人居住 1.453 0.952 -0.231 1.713 2.329 4.275 0.126 0.794 5.546
教育程度
本科及以上 1.316 0.873 -0.390 1.425 2.273 3.729 0.178 0.677 4.158
高中、职专 1.086 0.754 -0.289 1.369 2.074 2.962 0.146 0.749 3.932
初中及以下 0.460 0.384 -0.163 0.929 1.435 1.584 0.240 0.850 2.531
医疗保险
1.302 0.898 -0.037 1.437 2.103 3.678 0.125 0.964 4.206
1.420 0.701 -0.448 1.763 4.102 4.136 0.098 0.639 5.827
家庭月收入(元)
<2 000 0.988 0.674 -0.219 1.313 2.147 2.685 0.325 0.803 3.718
2 000~5 000 0.922 0.509 -0.317 1.114 3.283 2.515 0.159 0.728 3.046
>5 000 0.641 0.493 -0.132 0.867 1.689 1.898 0.196 0.876 2.379
吸烟史 0.864 0.578 -0.308 1.094 2.235 2.373 0.507 0.735 2.985
饮酒史 1.035 0.826 -0.166 1.234 1.570 2.815 0.142 0.847 3.434
高血压史 1.313 0.738 -0.132 1.518 3.165 3.717 0.496 0.876 4.562
糖尿病史 0.672 0.351 0.638 0.755 3.665 1.958 0.027 1.894 2.127
高血脂史 0.661 0.585 -0.077 0.985 1.275 1.936 0.425 0.926 2.678
创面疼痛评分 0.448 0.331 -0.160 0.614 1.841 1.567 0.578 0.852 1.847
创缘水肿评分 0.468 0.213 -0.449 0.776 4.817 1.596 0.162 0.638 2.173
创面分泌物评分 0.373 0.208 -0.794 0.716 3.215 1.452 0.178 0.452 2.047
因素 β SE 95%CI 参数估计 95%CI
上限 下限 Wald χ2 OR P 上限 下限
CD86 1.277 0.816 0.515 1.633 2.450 3.587 0.039 1.673 5.118
CD206 -0.785 0.609 -1.415 -0.242 1.662 0.456 0.017 0.243 0.785
CD31 -0.439 0.242 -1.152 -0.196 3.283 0.645 0.039 0.316 0.822
VEGF -0.849 0.718 -1.945 -0.246 1.397 0.428 0.045 0.143 0.782
vWF -0.389 0.293 -0.944 -0.068 1.763 0.678 0.026 0.389 0.934
IL-1β 1.026 0.978 0.212 1.240 1.100 2.789 0.022 1.237 3.455
治疗方法
高锰酸钾药液熏洗 -0.140 0.125 -0.269 -0.014 1.262 0.869 0.025 0.764 0.986
分期施方熏洗 -0.955 0.692 -0.856 -0.122 1.903 0.385 <0.001 0.152 0.425
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