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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (05) : 468 -473. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2025.05.011

论著

侧移黏膜瓣术治疗复杂性肛瘘的临床疗效
严跃华1, 刘晓玉1, 孙颖1, 谷云飞1,2, 王浩1,2,()   
  1. 1210029 南京中医药大学附属医院
    2210000 南京,江苏省中医院肛肠科
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-30 出版日期:2025-10-25
  • 通信作者: 王浩
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省中医院研究者发起的临床研究(No. YJZ202421)

Clinical efficacy of lateral internal sphincterotomy and advancement flap for complex anal fistula

Yuehua Yan1, Xiaoyu Liu1, Ying Sun1, Yunfei Gu1,2, Hao Wang1,2,()   

  1. 1Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
    2Department of Coloproctology, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
  • Received:2025-05-30 Published:2025-10-25
  • Corresponding author: Hao Wang
引用本文:

严跃华, 刘晓玉, 孙颖, 谷云飞, 王浩. 侧移黏膜瓣术治疗复杂性肛瘘的临床疗效[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(05): 468-473.

Yuehua Yan, Xiaoyu Liu, Ying Sun, Yunfei Gu, Hao Wang. Clinical efficacy of lateral internal sphincterotomy and advancement flap for complex anal fistula[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(05): 468-473.

目的

探讨侧移黏膜瓣术(LMAF)与括约肌间瘘管结扎术(LIFT)治疗复杂性肛瘘的临床疗效,为临床治疗提供依据。

方法

采用回顾性队列研究,通过倾向性评分匹配平衡基线资料,选取LMAF组患者42例和LIFT组48例,比较两组患者的临床疗效、肛门控便功能、术后并发症发生率和术后复发率,并根据瘘管条数和Parks分型进行亚组分析。

结果

LMAF组临床治愈率为83.3%,LIFT组为72.9%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.413,P=0.235)。在肛门功能方面,术后3个月(t=0.748,P=0.458)及6个月(t=1.906,P=0.059)LMAF组的肛门失禁评分与LIFT组相比差异无统计学意义。随访12个月后,LMAF组的复发率为4.8%,低于LIFT组的16.7%,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.245,P=0.072)。LMAF组术后并发症发生率为14.3%,显著低于LIFT组的33.3%(χ2=4.295,P=0.034)。根据瘘管条数的亚组分析显示,LMAF组在单条瘘管患者中并发症发生率及复发率与LIFT组相比,差异无统计学意义;在根据Parks分型亚组分析中二者疗效差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

LMAF治疗复杂性肛瘘并发症发生率低,复发率有降低趋势,且与LIFT对肛门功能影响相当,但远期疗效需扩大样本验证。

Objective

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of lateral mucosal advancement flap (LMAF) surgery versus ligation of inter-sphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) in the treatment of complex anal fistulas and provide evidence for clinical decision-making.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort, propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics. Patients were divided into LMAF group (n=42) and LIFT group (n=48). Clinical cure rate, anal function (Wexner score), complications, and recurrence were analyzed, with subgroup analyses based on fistula number and Parks classification.

Results

The clinical cure rate was 83.3% in the LMAF group and 72.9% in the LIFT group, with no statistically significant difference (χ2=1.413, P=0.235). Anal continence function, assessed using the Wexner incontinence score at 3 (t=0.748, P=0.458) and 6 months (t=1.906, P=0.059) postoperatively, showed no significant differences between the groups. At 12-month follow-up, the recurrence rate in the LMAF group (4.8%) was lower than that in the LIFT group (16.7%), though the difference did not reach statistical significance (χ2=3.245, P=0.072). The postoperative complication rate was significantly lower in the LMAF group (14.3%) compared to the LIFT group (33.3%) (χ2=4.295, P=0.034). Subgroup analysis by the number of fistula tracts demonstrated that there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications and recurrence rate between the LMAF group and the LIFT group in patients with single fistulas. Both techniques showed comparable efficacy when stratified by Parks classification(P>0.05).

Conclusion

LMAF reduces complications with a trend toward lower recurrence, and comparable anal functional outcomes to LIFT, though long-term efficacy requires further validation.

图1 侧移黏膜瓣手术方法。1A:探针插入;1B:制作梭形切口;1C:切开内括约肌;1D:制作黏膜瓣;1E:切除内口;1F:切除外口;1G:修补内括约肌;1H:缝合黏膜瓣;1I:缩小创面,放置引流管
表1 肛门失禁Wexner评分表
表2 患者基线资料比较
表3 LMAF组和LIFT组临床疗效比较[例(%)]
表4 LMAF组和LIFT组患者肛门功能比较(±s
表5 根据瘘管条数亚组分析结果[例(%)]
表6 根据Parks分型的亚组分析结果[例(%)]
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