腹茧症是一种病因不明的罕见疾病，常不易识别，术前诊断困难。韦尼克脑病（WE）是由维生素B1（硫胺）缺乏引起的一种严重的神经系统综合征。两者早期临床表现均无特异性，常不易识别，诊断困难。本文报告1例腹茧症术后接受全肠外营养发生韦尼克脑病的患者，并汇报相关治疗结果。该病例提示我们在临床工作中应密切注意患者病情变化，重视一些罕见病的发生。

Abdominal cocoon is a rare disease with unknown etiology. It is often difficult to identify and difficult to diagnose before surgery. Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a serious neurological syndrome caused by vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. Both of the early clinical manifestations are non-specific, often difficult to identify and difficult to diagnose. This article reports a case of Wernicke's encephalopathy who received total parenteral nutrition after abdominal cocoon surgery, and reported relevant treatment results. This case reminds us that we should pay close attention to the changes in the patient's condition in clinical work, and pay attention to the occurrence of some rare diseases.