溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis)是一种慢性、难治性疾病，我国溃疡性结肠炎的发病率近年呈上升趋势。约有20%～30%的溃疡性结肠炎患者需要接受外科手术治疗。适时、正确的手术治疗可以治愈溃疡性结肠炎，显著降低并发症与不良预后的发生率。然而我国对于溃疡性结肠炎的诊疗认知还存在一定的盲区，目前尚无规范性的炎症性肠病治疗体系和外科诊治指南，尚未在全国范围内开展溃疡性结肠炎的根治性手术—全结直肠切除回肠储袋肛管吻合术(IPAA术)，国内炎症性肠病的手术比例不足5%。溃疡性结肠炎外科规范性治疗及外科技术发展水平远低于发达国家水平。因此，迫切需要提高各专业、各级医师对于溃疡性结肠炎诊治方案的知晓，制定IPAA手术技术规范，开展手术技术培训，弥补我国炎症性肠病诊治水平与发达国家的差距。

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic, refractory disease.The incidence of ulcerative colitis in China is increasing.About 20%~30% of the ulcerative colitis patients need surgical intervention.Ulcerative colitis can be cured by appropriate operation treatment, while the incidence of complications and adverse effects can also be decreased.However, the awareness of surgical treatment for UC is insufficient in China.No surgical treatment guideline of UC exists at present.Ileal pouch anal anastomosis operation is still limited in application, for the proportion of operation is less than 5%.The rate of surgical treatment of UC is far below the developed countries.There is urgent demand on improving the treatment of ulcerative colitis and making standard IPAA operation technique.