To discuss the factors of benign anastomotic stenosis after the rectal cancer surgery.

This research used the retrospective case-control analysis method. We collectted the clinical data of the patients who were performed by radical resection of rectal carcinoma in Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, and the General Surgery of Qingdao 8 th People's Hospital from March 2017 to March 2020. The benign anastomotic stenosis after the rectal cancer surgery was diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria making by documents, and 350 medical cases were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Single factor and multi factor analyses were used to determine the risk factors of benign anastomotic stenosis.

The univariate showed: the anastomotic leakage, pelvic infection, distance between anastomosis and dentate line ≤5 cm, neoadjuvant radiotherapy, NRS 2002≥3, and TNMⅢ phase were associated with benign anastomotic stenosis after the rectal cancer surgery; The result of logistic regression analysis showed that the anastomotic leakage (OR: 4.47, 95%CI: 1.94~10.30; P=0.018), neoadjuvant radiotherapy (OR: 4.24, 95%CI: 1.58~11.37; P=0.038), distance between anastomosis and dentate line ≤5 cm(OR: 2.31, 95%CI: 1.28~4.15; P=0.042) were the independent risk factors of the benign anastomotic stenosis after the rectal cancer surgery.

As far patients with anus-preserving surgery for rectal cancer have the factors of the anastomotic leakage, pelvic infection, distance between anastomosis and dentate line ≤5 cm during the perioperative period, the happening of the benign anastomotic stenosis after the rectal cancer surgery should be awared.