To investigate the causes and influencing factors of unplanned reoperation patients in the colorectal neoplasms.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of the colorectal neoplasms surgical patients of Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019.

Among 10 761 cases of colorectal neoplasms, 132 cases underwent unplanned reoperation, with an incidence of 1.23%. Unplanned reoperation mainly occurred three days after the surgery. The main causes were anastomotic leakage (50.00%), intestinal obstruction (17.42%), peristomial complication (12.12%) and bleeding (9.85%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male (OR=2.32; 95% CI: 1.53~3.52; P<0.001), colorectal cancer patients (OR=2.87; 95% CI: 1.86~4.45; P<0.001) and patients with history of surgery (OR=2.98; 95% CI: 1.99~4.48; P<0.001) were the independent risk factors of unplanned reoperations. The unplanned reoperation increased the risk of patients transferred to the ICU and death. Unplanned reoperation extended 10.78 days of hospitalization time and increased 42 428.69 RMB in hospitalization expenses.

Unplanned reoperation increases hospital operating costs and patients' burden. We should focus on the patients who were male, with a history of previous surgery, especially whose surgical site were rectum. We should make adequate preoperative of perioperative management to prevent intestinal obstruction, anastomotic fistula, peristomial complication and bleeding.