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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 168 -174. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2026.02.008

论著

非遗传性结直肠息肉病患者的临床特征及息肉复发的影响因素分析
杨宁, 张立翱(), 李仁君, 金水   
  1. 238000 合肥,安徽医科大学第四附属医院消化内科
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-03 出版日期:2026-04-25
  • 通信作者: 张立翱
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2023AH050581); 安徽医科大学校科研基金立项资助项目(2022xkj208)

Clinical characteristics and analysis of factors influencing polyp recurrence in patients with non-hereditary colorectal polyposis

Ning Yang, Li’ao Zhang(), Renjun Li, Shui Jin   

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 238000, China
  • Received:2026-03-03 Published:2026-04-25
  • Corresponding author: Li’ao Zhang
引用本文:

杨宁, 张立翱, 李仁君, 金水. 非遗传性结直肠息肉病患者的临床特征及息肉复发的影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2026, 15(02): 168-174.

Ning Yang, Li’ao Zhang, Renjun Li, Shui Jin. Clinical characteristics and analysis of factors influencing polyp recurrence in patients with non-hereditary colorectal polyposis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 15(02): 168-174.

目的

探究非遗传性结直肠息肉病患者临床特征,并分析息肉复发相关的危险因素。

方法

选取2021年1月至2023年12月安徽医科大学第四附属医院接受内镜切除的非遗传性结直肠息肉病患者442例,收集临床资料以及切除后1年期间结肠镜检查监测结果,分析息肉复发的影响因素。

结果

初次结肠镜治疗时患者平均年龄为(56.63±10.71)岁,男性241例(54.52%),BMI为(23.25±3.35)kg/m2。1年随访累计复发90例(20.36%)。与未复发组相比,复发组年龄更大(t=2.290,P=0.023)、BMI更高(t=2.550,P=0.011)、甘油三酯(TG)水平更高(t=2.558,P=0.011),男性比例更高(χ2=10.915,P=0.001)、吸烟比例更高(χ2=9.919,P=0.002)、血脂异常比例更高(χ2=11.256,P=0.001)及高密度脂蛋白(HDL)水平更低(t=2.285,P=0.023),TG/HDL值更高(t=6.473,P<0.001)。两组息肉最大直径分层、息肉数量分层及息肉病理类型分布差异均有统计学意义(χ2=6.345、19.390、14.484,P=0.042、<0.001、0.002),其中复发组息肉最大直径>15 mm、息肉数量>10个及管状绒毛状腺瘤比例均高于未复发组。分层分析显示,在增生性息肉患者中,复发组TG水平(t=3.092,P=0.007)及TG/HDL(t=4.041,P=0.001)更高;在管状绒毛状腺瘤患者中,复发组TG水平(t=4.254,P<0.001)及TG/HDL(t=5.102,P<0.001)更高,而HDL水平更低(t=−2.391,P=0.020)。多因素Logistic回归显示,男性(OR=5.426,P=0.010)、吸烟(OR=6.945,P=0.004)、息肉最大直径>15 mm(OR=7.574,P=0.013)、息肉数量>10(OR=9.152,P=0.019)及TG升高(OR=4.444,P=0.018)为息肉复发的独立影响因素。

结论

非遗传性结直肠息肉病患者内镜切除后1年内息肉复发率为20.36%,男性、吸烟、息肉最大直径>15 mm、息肉数量>10个及TG升高是息肉复发的独立影响因素;临床上应对具有上述特征的患者加强术后结肠镜监测及代谢因素干预。

Objective

To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with non-hereditary colorectal polyp disease and investigate the risk factors associated with polyp recurrence.

Methods

A total of 442 patients with non-hereditary colorectal polyp disease who underwent endoscopic resection from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected. Clinical data and colonoscopy monitoring results within one year post-resection were collected to analyze the influencing factors of polyp recurrence.

Results

The mean age of patients at initial colonoscopy was (56.63±10.71) years, with 241 males (54.52%) and a BMI of (23.25±3.35) kg/m2. During the 1-year follow-up, a total of 90 patients (20.36%) experienced recurrence. Compared with the non-recurrence group, the recurrence group had older age (t=2.290, P=0.023), higher BMI (t=2.550, P=0.011), higher triglyceride (TG) levels (t=2.558, P=0.011), a higher proportion of males (χ2=10.915, P=0.001), a higher proportion of smokers (χ2=9.919, P=0.002), a higher proportion of dyslipidemia (χ2=11.256, P=0.001), lower high-density lipoprotein(HDL) levels (t=2.285, P=0.023), and a higher TG/HDL (t=6.473, P<0.001). There were significant differences between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups in the stratification of maximum polyp diameter, polyp number, and pathological type of polyps (χ2=6.345, 19.390, and 14.484; P=0.042, <0.001, and 0.002, respectively). The recurrence group had higher proportions of patients with a maximum polyp diameter>15 mm, polyp number>10, and tubulovillous adenoma. Stratified analysis showed that among patients with hyperplastic polyps, the recurrence group had higher TG levels (t=3.092, P=0.007) and TG/HDL ratio (t=4.041, P=0.001); among patients with tubulovillous adenomas, the recurrence group had higher TG levels (t=4.254, P<0.001) and TG/HDL ratio (t=5.102, P<0.001) and lower HDL levels (t=−2.391, P=0.020). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (OR=5.426, P=0.010), smoking (OR=6.945, P=0.004), maximum polyp diameter>15 mm (OR=7.574, P=0.013), polyp number>10 (OR=9.152, P=0.019), and elevated TG (OR=4.444, P=0.018) were independent risk factors for polyp recurrence.

Conclusion

The 1 year polyp recurrence rate after endoscopic resection in patients with non hereditary colorectal polyposis was 20.36%. Male sex, smoking, a maximum polyp diameter >15 mm, a polyp number >10, and elevated TG were independent risk factors for polyp recurrence. Clinically, enhanced postoperative colonoscopic surveillance and intervention for metabolic risk factors should be implemented in patients with the above characteristics.

表1 复发和未复发患者的基线特征比较[
±s,例(%)]
表2 复发和未复发患者息肉的组织学特征比较[例(%)]
表3 复发和未复发的不同病理特征息肉血脂相关参数比较(
±s
表4 息肉复发因素的赋值
表5 息肉复发危险因素的多因素分析
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