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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (01) : 71 -82. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2025.01.008

论著

内扎外剥缝合术与外剥内扎术治疗混合痔疗效及安全性的Meta 分析
任航军1, 孙毅1, 敖小青1, 申燕1, 张佳敏1, 陆森2,()   
  1. 1. 311113 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院良渚分院(杭州市余杭区第一人民医院)普外科
    2. 311100 杭州,浙江大学医学院附属第一医院结直肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-04 出版日期:2025-02-25
  • 通信作者: 陆森
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省中医药科技计划项目(No.2023ZL611)

The efficacy and safety of ferguson hemorrhoidectomy (closed) versus milligan-morgan hemorrhoidectomy (open) in the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids: a Meta-analysis

Hangjun Ren1, Yi Sun1, Xiaoqing Ao1, Yan Shen1, Jiamin Zhang1, Sen Lu2,()   

  1. 1. Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Liangzhu Branch (The First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou), Hangzhou 311113, China
    2. Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 311100, China
  • Received:2024-08-04 Published:2025-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Sen Lu
引用本文:

任航军, 孙毅, 敖小青, 申燕, 张佳敏, 陆森. 内扎外剥缝合术与外剥内扎术治疗混合痔疗效及安全性的Meta 分析[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(01): 71-82.

Hangjun Ren, Yi Sun, Xiaoqing Ao, Yan Shen, Jiamin Zhang, Sen Lu. The efficacy and safety of ferguson hemorrhoidectomy (closed) versus milligan-morgan hemorrhoidectomy (open) in the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids: a Meta-analysis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(01): 71-82.

目的

系统评价外剥内扎术与内扎外剥缝合术治疗混合痔的疗效性和安全性,为术式选择提供循证证据。

方法

检索知网、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed 数据库,收集内扎外剥缝合术(研究组)对比外剥内扎术(对照组)的随机对照试验(RCT),检索年限为2000 年1 月至2024 年5 月。筛选并提取文献信息后用Cochrane 系统评价推荐的偏倚评估工具评估文献质量;用STATA 17.0 软件做Meta 分析、敏感性分析、发表偏倚分析及回归分析。

结果

共纳入30 个RCT,共3 505 例患者。Meta 分析显示:与对照组相比,内扎外剥缝合术治愈率更高[RR=1.16,95% CI(1.08~1.25),P<0.01]、创面愈合时间更短[SMD= -1.90,95%CI( -2.32~ -1.48),P<0.01]、手术时间更短[SMD= -2.68,95%CI( -4.70~ -0.65),P=0.01]、术中出血量更少[SMD= -6.94,95%CI( -10.96~ -2.91),P<0.01]、术后第一次排便VAS 评分更低[SMD= -0.85,95%CI( -1.42~ -0.29),P<0.01]、术后出血概率较低[RR=0.65,95%CI(0.51~0.82),P<0.01]、住院时间更短[SMD= -0.92,95%CI( -1.63~ -0.22),P=0.01]、术后大便困难少见[RR=0.24,95%CI(0.07~0.81),P=0.02],但术后发生创面裂开的概率较高[RR=7.66,95% CI(2.56~22.97),P<0.01]。两种术式的切口感染发生率、术后疼痛、水肿、尿潴留、肛裂、肛门清洁度、肛门狭窄、术后24 小时VAS 评分、恢复工作时间、复发率经比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。敏感性分析结果显示,本研究结果稳健性较好。发表偏倚风险分析显示可能存在发表偏倚。

结论

内扎外剥缝合术疗效整体优于外剥内扎术,内扎外剥缝合术治愈率更高、创面愈合时间短,并不增加切口感染发生率及肛门狭窄率,是一个安全有效的术式。

Objective

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ferguson Hemorrhoidectomy (Closed) versus Milligan-Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy (Open) for the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids and to provide an evidence-based basis for surgical protocols.

Methods

CNKI, Wanfang,WIP, CBM and PubMed databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of closed hemorrhoidectomy (the study group) versus open hemorrhoidectomy (the control group), and the years of searching were from January 2000 to May 2024.The quality of the literature was assessed using the bias assessment tool recommended by Cochrane Systematic Reviews after screening and extracting the literature information; Meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, publication bias analysis and regression analysis were done using STATA 17.0 software.

Results

A total of 30 RCTs with 3 505 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that compared with open hemorrhoidectomy, closed hemorrhoidectomy had a higher cure rate [RR=1.16,95% CI (1.08~1.25), P<0.01], shorter wound healing time [SMD= -1.90, 95%CI ( -2.32~ -1.48), P<0.01],shorter operative time [SMD= -2.68, 95%CI ( -4.70~ -0.65), P=0.01], less intermediate bleeding [SMD=-6.94, 95%CI( -10.96~ -2.91), P<0.01], and lower VAS scores on the first postoperative bowel movement[SMD= -0.85, 95%CI ( -1.42~ -0.29), P<0.01], lower probability of postoperative bleeding [RR=0.65,95%CI (0.51~0.82), P<0.01], shorter hospital stay [SMD= -0.92, 95%CI ( -1.63~ -0.22), P=0.01] and less frequent postoperative bowel difficulties [RR=0.24, 95%CI (0.07~0.81), P=0.02], but the probability of postoperative trabecular dehiscence was higher [RR=7.66, 95%CI (2.56~22.97), P<0.01].The differences in the rates of trabecular infection, postoperative pain, edema, urinary retention, anal fissure, anal cleanliness,anal stenosis, 24-hour postoperative VAS scores, return to work time, and recurrence rates between the two surgical procedures were not statistically significant (all P>0.05).The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the robustness of the results of this study was good.The risk of publication bias analysis showed the possibility of publication bias.

Conclusion

The overall efficacy of closed hemorrhoidectomy is better than open hemorrhoidectomy.Closed hemorrhoidectomy has a higher cure rate, shorter wound healing time, and does not increase the rate of wound infection or anal stenosis, making it a safe and effective procedure.

表1 PubMed 数据库检索模式
图1 文献筛选流程
图2 偏倚风险条形图
图3 偏倚风险总图
表2 纳入文献的基本资料
第一作者 发表年份 样本量(例) 性别(男/ 女) 年龄(岁) 干预措施 结局指标
T C T C T C T C
陈飞雁[3] 2001 50 50 52/48 45(23~66) FH MMH 6.9
郜俊强[4] 2010 60 40 36/24 24/16 22~58 20~59 FH MMH 1.2.6.7.9
杜燕红[5] 2012 100 100 68/132 48.5(21~70) FH MMH 1.2.4
孙燕[6] 2012 30 30 17/13 18/12 31.2±2.7 31.8±2.3 FH MMH 1.2.7.9.10.11
杨新海[7] 2014 64 64 27/37 28/36 49±2.41 51.5±1.45 FH MMH 1.2.7.9.12.13
余碧野[8] 2014 45 45 21/24 20/25 43.4±2.4 44.4±2.2 FH MMH 1.3.4.10.11.19
郭建军[9] 2015 64 64 37/27 35/29 34.24±5.81 36.13±4.52 FH MMH 1.2.4.18.19
曹雪丽[10] 2016 96 96 70/26 - 35.5±6.5 FH MMH 1.2.6.8.10.11.19
林秋[11] 2016 20 20 - - 18~70 FH MMH 2.4.5.7.10.11.13
陆淼炯[12] 2017 50 50 38/62 48.5(19~70) FH MMH 1.2.4.5
张立[13] 2017 41 41 22/19 21/20 36.12±4.08 37.0±4.13 FH MMH 1.2.8.10.11
高春冬[14] 2018 103 103 62/41 61/42 35.2(17~75) 36.1(19~72) FH MMH 1.2.4
商群献[15] 2019 80 80 38/42 39/41 40(18~65) 41.5(20~70) FH MMH 2.7
薛玉州[16] 2019 50 50 28/22 27/23 44.50±23.50 47.00±22.00 FH MMH 2.8.9.10.11.15
成勇[17] 2020 39 39 20/19 22/17 45.12±3.28 45.1±3.25 FH MMH 1.2
Arbman G[18] 2000 38 39 22/16 26/13 49(25~81) 48(21~80) FH MMH 1.6.7.13.14
GencosmanogluR[19] 2002 40 40 18/22 14/26 39.5(26~63) 40.5(27~68) FH MMH 2.3.7.10.11.13.14.15
Imtiaz KGTE[20] 2003 25 25 31/19 男41~60/ 女31~50 FH MMH 11.13.15.16.17
Arroyo A[21] 2004 100 100 123/77 平均43.5 FH MMH 1
Hachim IY[22] 2005 52 68 84/36 38.2(21~72) FH MMH 1.6.7.10.13.14.16.17.19
You SY[23] 2005 40 40 19/21 18/22 41(25~74) 39(27~65) FH MMH 1.5.6.7.11.14.17
JohannssonHO[24] 2006 110 115 55/55 61/54 53(27~82) 52(22~82) FH MMH 1.3.7.13.14.15.18.19
Aziz A[25] 2008 50 50 61/39 平均43.5 FH MMH 7.12.13.14.15
Mik M[26] 2008 34 29 19/15 13/16 53±12 49±9 FH MMH 2.3.6.7.11.13.14.15.17.19
Hadi A[27] 2011 25 25 31/19 45.5±2.3 FH MMH 6.7.14.16
Zia MK[28] 2014 56 56 57/55 38.12±7.69 38.12±7.69 FH MMH 7
Majeed S[29] 2015 182 182 200/164 42±10.31 43±12.51 FH MMH 2.7.13.14.15.16
Sharma BK[30] 2016 40 40 27/13 25/15 平均42.7 平均43.53 FH MMH 1.6
Kumar M[31] 2017 40 40 21/19 22/18 41(25~74) 39(27~65) FH MMH 2.11.13.14.15
Naik SA[32] 2018 30 30 23/7 23/7 38(17~80) 35(20~60) FH MMH 1.6.7.14.15.18
图4 两组患者治愈率的Meta 分析森林图
图5 两组患者创面愈合时间Meta 分析森林图
图6 两组患者切口感染发生率的Meta 分析森林图
图7 两组患者肛门狭窄的Meta 分析森林图
表3 二分类结果汇总
结局指标 纳入研究数 I 2,%(P,值) 效应模型 RR(95%CI),P T-F adjustedRR(95%CI Filled studies
治愈率 18[4-10,12-14,17-18,21-24,30,32] 82.65(<0.01) 随机 1.16(1.08~1.25),<0.01 1.03(0.95~1.11) 9
切口感染发生率 11[7,11,18-20,22,24-26,29,31] 28.80(0.17) 固定 0.90(0.60~1.36),0.61 0.72(0.48~1.06) 3
肛门狭窄率 9[16,19-20,24-26,29,31-32] 0.00(0.90) 固定 0.64(0.21~1.93),0.43 0.64(0.21~1.93) 0
术后疼痛 10[3-4,10,18,22-23,26-27,30,32] 76.99(<0.01) 随机 0.87(0.66~1.15),0.33 0.93(1.70~1.24) 1
术后出血 16[4,6-7,11,15,18-19,22-29,32] 24.86(0.17) 固定 0.65(0.51~0.82),<0.01 0.75(0.60~0.93) 6
水肿 5[3-4,6-7,16] 78.74(<0.01) 随机 0.87(0.22~3.41),0.84 1.18(0.37~3.83) 1
尿潴留 11[18-19,22-27,29,31-32] 0.00(0.49) 固定 0.81(0.51~1.30),0.38 0.75(0.48~1.19) 1
排便困难 2[7, 25] 0.00(0.68) 固定 0.24(0.07~0.81),0.02 - -
创面裂开 4[20,22-23,26] 0.00(0.98) 固定 7.66(2.56~22.97),<0.01 8.69(3.29~22.96) 2
肛裂 4[20,22,27,29] 0.00(0.73) 固定 1.40(0.31~6.25),0.66 1.40(0.31~6.25) 0
肛门清洁度 3[9,24,32] 33.88(0.22) 固定 0.77(0.56~1.05),0.10 1.01(0.79~1.31) 2
复发率 6[8-10,22,24,26] 38.25(0.15) 固定 0.73(0.46~1.17),0.20 1.08(0.71~1.63) 3
表4 连续性数据结果汇总
图8 切口感染发生率漏斗图
图9 治愈率漏斗图
表5 Meta 回归分析
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