切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (06) : 613 -620. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2021.06.008

论著

NOSES在低位直肠癌保肛手术中的临床观察
郭新宇1, 刘茂希2, 江波2,()   
  1. 1. 030001 山西医科大学第二临床学院
    2. 030013 太原,山西省肿瘤医院结直肠肛门外科
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-25 出版日期:2021-12-25
  • 通信作者: 江波
  • 基金资助:
    山西省自然科学基金(201901D111398)

Clinical effects of NOSES in anus reserved for low rectal cancer

Xinyu Guo1, Maoxi Liu2, Bo Jiang2,()   

  1. 1. Department of Second Clinical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
    2. Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China
  • Received:2021-07-25 Published:2021-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Bo Jiang
引用本文:

郭新宇, 刘茂希, 江波. NOSES在低位直肠癌保肛手术中的临床观察[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2021, 10(06): 613-620.

Xinyu Guo, Maoxi Liu, Bo Jiang. Clinical effects of NOSES in anus reserved for low rectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 10(06): 613-620.

目的

研究经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)在低位直肠癌根治中的近中期临床疗效。

方法

回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年4月收治的低位直肠癌(Tis-T3,N0,M0)未行预防性造瘘手术的患者的临床资料共109例;按术式分组,A组57例行腹腔镜下腹部辅助切口移除标本手术(Dixon);B组25例行经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES-Ⅰ式A法),C组27例行经自然腔道取本手术(NOSES Ⅰ式E法,改良Bacon)。比较三组一般资料、围手术期指标、术后回访评估肛门功能、并发症情况及无病生存期等数据。

结果

BMI在B组最小(F=9.62,P<0.05),其余两组差异无统计学意义;肿瘤位置C组最低(F=18.77,P<0.05),A组与B组比较差异无统计学意义。B组与C组在开始进食时间方面与A组差异无统计学意义(F=8.07,χ2=5.34;P>0.05),但C组优于B组;导尿时间与拔除引流管时间C组明显优于其他两组(χ2=7.59,F=7.48;P<0.05),A组与B组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。住院费用方面C组为3组中最少(F=9.51,P<0.05),余围手术期指标3组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。12个月Vaizey量表评分A组及B组优于C组(χ2=12.04,P<0.05);24个月Vaizey量表评分组间差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.04,P>0.05)。全部患者并发症率为26.6%,B组为29.65%,高于A组(26.33%)和C组(20.21%),但3组间差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.48,P>0.05)。2年0例患者局部复发;2年无病生存期分别为94.7%,96.0%和88.9%(χ2=1.36,P>0.05);3组患者远处转移率为4.6%,4.0%和11.1%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.19,P>0.05)。

结论

NOSES在低位直肠癌根治中是安全可靠的,同时具有良好的肿瘤学预后以及较好地保留了肛门功能。

Objective

To observe the short mid-term clinical effects of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) in the radical treatment of low rectal cancer.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of the clinical datum of 109 patients with low rectal cancer (Tis-T3, N0, M0) who had not undergone preventive sotma from January 2017 to April 2019 was grouped by different surgical procedure. Group A including 57 cases underwent laparoscopic with abdominal incision surgery (Dixon), 25 patients in group B underwent natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES Ⅰ-A type), and 27 patients in group C underwent natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES Ⅰ-E type, modified Bacon). The general datum, perioperative indexes, postoperative follow-up assessment of anal function, compications and disease-free survival were compared between the three groups.

Results

BMI was minimal in group B (F=9.62, P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference in the remaining groups; the tumor position in group C was the lowest (F=18.77, P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference between the group A and the group B. The groups B and C in hospitalization expenses and the postoperative feed time were no statistical difference with group A (F=8.07, χ2=5.34; P>0.05), but the group C was better than the group B. The group C was significantly better than other two groups in the time of indwelling catheter and extracted drainage tube (χ2=7.59, F=7.48; P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference between the group A and the group B. Remainal indicators of perioperative period were no significant difference. The Vaizey scale scores of group A and group B were better than group C at 12 months after surgery (χ2=12.04, P<0.05), but the scores were not statistically significant at 24 months after surgery (χ2=5.04, P>0.05). All patients had a complication rate of 26.6%. The group B was 29.65%, which was higher than the group A (26.33%) and group C (20.21%), but there was no statistical difference (χ2=0.48, P>0.05). There was no patient occurred by local recurrence after 2 years surgery. 2-year disease-free survivals were 94.7%, 96.0% and 88.9% (χ2=1.36, P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in distant metastasis rate among the three groups (χ2=2.19, P>0.05).

Conclusion

NOSES is safe and reliable in the radical treatment of low rectal cancer and have a good oncologic prognosis and good preservation of anal function.

图1 直肠癌根治腹部主要手术步骤。1A:游离乙状结肠粘连;1B:内侧入路骶前第一刀;1C:结扎肠系膜血管;1D:游离直肠
图2 Dixon经腹移除标本及吻合主要操作步骤。2A:经腹移除标本;2B:肠管吻合
图3 NOSES Ⅰ式-A法移除标本及吻合主要操作步骤。3A:将远端肠管外翻于体外移除;3B:肠管吻合
图4 NOSES Ⅰ式-E法移除标本及二次肛门成形主要操作步骤。4A:充分暴露肛门;4B:移除标本后拖出肠管固定;4C:二次成型后外观
表1 一般资料
表2 围手术期及病理情况
项目 A组 B组 C组 统计值 P
手术时间(min) 187.87±56.17 221.42±55.59 203.61±65.18 F=2.13 0.12
术中出血量(mL) 65.09±48.03 77.20±65.86 75.93±63.98 F=0.56 0.57
住院费用a(万) 7.85±2.61 9.21±2.70 6.38±2.21 F=8.07 0.01

A-B

0.87

A-C

0.51

B-C

0.01
住院费用b(万) 7.85±2.61 9.21±2.70 6.01±2.17 F=9.51 0.00

A-B

0.87

A-C

0.02

B-C

0.00
排气时间(天) 2.96±0.98 2.92±0.95 2.70±0.75 F=0.74 0.47
进食时间(天) 6.0(4.0,8.5) 9.0(6.0,14.0) 4.0(4.0,6.0) χ2=10.24 0.01

A-B

0.051

A-C

0.14

B-C

0.00
导尿时间(天) 5.0(3.0,8.0) 5.0(4.0,7.5) 4.0(3.0,5.0) χ2=7.59 0.02

A-B

0.86

A-C

0.02

B-C

0.01
住院时间a(天) 15.46±10.13 17.88±8.69 13.33±8.17 F=1.53 0.22
住院时间b(天) 15.46±10.13 17.88±8.69 11.74±7.58 F=2.65 0.07
镇痛天数(天) 4.96±1.50 4.88±1.20 4.52±1.69 F=0.83 0.43
拔管时间(天) 11.54±8.87 14.88±8.0 6.70±4.12 F=7.48 0.00

A-B

1.00

A-C

0.00

B-C

0.03
标本长度(cm) 10.49±3.23 11.26±3.70 9.80±2.21 F=4.13 0.19
淋巴结个数 13.21±4.76 12.56±4.40 12.70±4.56 F=0.21 0.81
切缘阳性(例) 0 0 0
肿瘤距下切缘距离(cm) 1.60±0.86 1.78±1.30 1.23±0.67 F=2.23 0.11
肿物长径(cm) 4.00(2.85,5.00) 3.00(2.00,4.25) 3.00(3.50,4.00) χ2=3.51 0.17
肿物宽径(cm) 3.00(2.50,3.50) 2.50(2.00,3.00) 3.00(2.00,4.00) χ2=5.09 0.08
肿物厚度(cm) 1.50(0.80,2.00) 1.00(1.00,1.50) 1.50(1.00,2.00) χ2=3.06 0.22
表3 回访情况
图5 不同术式无病生存期比较
图6 不同肿瘤分期无病生存期比较
图7 不同术式远处转移率比较
图8 不同肿瘤分期远处转移率比较
表4 术后并发症情况(例)
[1]
Kang J, Min B, Hur H, et al. Transanal specimen extraction in robotic rectal cancer surgery[J]. The British, 2012, 99(1): 133-136.
[2]
关旭, 卢召, 王松, 等. 3种经自然腔道取标本手术方式治疗直肠癌的安全性与肿瘤学预后对比研究[J]. 中国肿瘤临床, 2021, 48(3): 140-146.
[3]
Zhu Y, Xiong H, Chen Y, et al. Comparison of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery and conventional laparoscopic-assisted resection in the treatment effects of low rectal cancer[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 9338.
[4]
Tang Q, Zhu Y, Xiong H, et al. Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery versus conventional laparoscopic-assisted resection in the treatment of colorectal cancer: a propensity-score matching study[J]. Cancer management and research, 2021, 13: 2247-2257.
[5]
Park J, Choi G, Kim S, et al. Multicenter analysis of risk factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic rectal cancer excision: the Korean laparoscopic colorectal surgery study group[J]. Annals of Surgery, 2013, 257(4): 665-671.
[6]
Rahbari N, Weitz J, Hohenberger W, et al. Definition and grading of anastomotic leakage following anterior resection of the rectum: a proposal by the International Study Group of Rectal Cancer[J]. Surgery, 2010, 147(3): 339-351.
[7]
中华医学会外科学分会结直肠外科学组. 中国直肠癌手术吻合口漏诊断、预防及处理专家共识(2019版)[J]. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2019, 22(3): 201-206.
[8]
Cheng S, He B, Zeng X. Prediction of anastomotic leakage after anterior rectal resection[J]. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019, 35(3): 830-835.
[9]
刘李, 杨烈, 杨柳, 等. 腹腔镜下改良Bacon's直肠癌根治术对患者术后肛门功能与远期疗效观察[J/CD]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(1): 46-49.
[10]
罗学来, 吴安定, 杨传永, 等. 腹腔镜下拉下式直肠癌超低位前切除术后排便功能的研究[J/CD]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2014, 8(24): 4346-4351.
[11]
韩俊毅, 傅传刚. 低位直肠癌保肛手术方式及选择[J]. 结直肠肛门外科, 2020, 26(1): 5-10.
[12]
刘希凡. 腹腔镜下低位直肠癌拖出式吻合术与双吻合器法吻合术临床结果对比研究[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2020.
[13]
唐寄焱, 苏锦松, 张炜, 等. 改良 Bacon 术式一次性手术治疗超低位直肠癌[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2021, 28(10): 1308-1313.
[14]
江波, 孟志鹏. 低位直肠癌改良Bacon手术操作要点及并发症的预防和处理[J]. 结直肠肛门外科, 2020, 26(5): 553-556.
[15]
Wolthuis A, Fieuws S, Van Den Bosch A, et al. Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic colectomy with or without natural-orifice specimen extraction[J]. The British Journal of Surgery, 2015, 102(6): 630-637.
[1] 康夏, 田浩, 钱进, 高源, 缪洪明, 齐晓伟. 骨织素抑制破骨细胞分化改善肿瘤骨转移中骨溶解的机制研究[J]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 329-339.
[2] 代莉, 邓恢伟, 郭华静, 黄芙蓉. 术中持续输注艾司氯胺酮对腹腔镜结直肠癌手术患者术后睡眠质量的影响[J]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 408-412.
[3] 王得晨, 杨康, 杨自杰, 归明彬, 屈莲平, 张小凤, 高峰. 结直肠癌微卫星稳定状态和程序性死亡、吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶关系的研究进展[J]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 462-465.
[4] 唐旭, 韩冰, 刘威, 陈茹星. 结直肠癌根治术后隐匿性肝转移危险因素分析及预测模型构建[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 16-20.
[5] 张生军, 赵阿静, 李守博, 郝祥宏, 刘敏丽. 高糖通过HGF/c-met通路促进结直肠癌侵袭和迁移的实验研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 21-24.
[6] 张焱辉, 张蛟, 朱志贤. 留置肛管在中低位直肠癌新辅助放化疗后腹腔镜TME术中的临床研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(01): 25-28.
[7] 李婷, 张琳. 血清脂肪酸代谢物及维生素D水平与结直肠癌发生的关系研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 661-665.
[8] 付振保, 曹万龙, 刘富红. 腹腔镜直肠癌低位前切除术中不同缝合方法的回肠双腔造口术临床效果研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 684-687.
[9] 贺亮, 王松林, 周业江. 两种预防性回肠造口在腹腔镜ISR术治疗超低位直肠癌的效果对比研究[J]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 697-700.
[10] 关旭, 王锡山. 基于外科与免疫视角思考结直肠癌区域淋巴结处理的功与过[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2023, 12(06): 448-452.
[11] 顾睿祈, 方洪生, 蔡国响. 循环肿瘤DNA检测在结直肠癌诊治中的应用与进展[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2023, 12(06): 453-459.
[12] 张继新, 胡军红, 谢爽, 武祖印, 张春旭. 经阴道单孔腹腔镜阑尾切除术可行性及近期疗效分析[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2023, 12(06): 460-465.
[13] 卢艳军, 马健, 白鹏宇, 郭凌宏, 刘海义, 江波, 白文启, 张毅勋. 纳米碳在腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中253组淋巴结清扫的临床效果[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2023, 12(06): 473-477.
[14] 李博, 胡刚, 邱文龙, 汤坚强, 王锡山. 多功能吲哚菁绿近红外荧光血管成像技术在腹腔镜直肠癌经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES Ⅳ式)中的应用(附视频)[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2023, 12(06): 524-528.
[15] 倪文凯, 齐翀, 许小丹, 周燮程, 殷庆章, 蔡元坤. 结直肠癌患者术后发生延迟性肠麻痹的影响因素分析[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2023, 12(06): 484-489.
阅读次数
全文


摘要