经自然腔道内镜手术（NOTES）是一种新兴的超级微创诊疗技术，具有广阔的应用前景。历经十余年的研究和发展，越来越多的医疗单位正在逐步开展NOTES技术的临床工作。作为一项全新的技术，NOTES的发展面临着一系列客观问题，有必要组织相关专家进行系统研究和探讨，并达成初步共识，以期为开展NOTES工作的单位和医务人员提供有益的指导和建议。本共识由中国医师协会结直肠肿瘤专业委员会NOTES专委会组织国内相关专家，经过多轮讨论、交流，并对部分关键问题进行投票后总结而成，旨在为从事NOTES技术的医务工作者提供参考和指导，以促进该技术更加安全、规范、健康、快速地发展。本共识对NOTES的命名、分类、技术要求和设备器械条件、适应证、禁忌证、手术操作的技术要点、并发症的预防及处理等临床热点和难点逐一介绍，希望能够为NOTES在国内的开展和普及提供实用有效的参考和依据。

Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is an emerging super minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment technology with broad application prospects. During more than ten years of research and development, more and more medical units are gradually developing NOTES clinical work. As a new technology, the development of NOTES has faced a series of objective problems. It is necessary to organize relevant experts to conduct systematic research and discussion for a preliminary consensus, in order to provide useful guidance and suggestions for medical units and staff who perform NOTES. This consensus is summarized after many rounds of discussions and communications, and voting on some key issues by the relevant experts, who organized by NOTES Committee of the Colorectal Tumor Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association. It aims to provide references and guidance for medical workers engaged in NOTES technology, so as to promote the safer, more standardized, healthy and rapid development of this technology. This consensus introduces the naming, classification, technical requirements, equipment, indications, contraindications, operation points, prevention and treatment of complications, and other clinical hot spots/difficulties one by one. Hope to provide practical and effective references and basis for the development and popularization of NOTES in China.