胃癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，腹腔镜胃癌根治术已成为治疗胃癌的重要手段。腹腔镜胃癌根治术经历了从腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术到全腹腔镜胃癌根治术的发展过程，进一步降低了手术创伤，加快了术后恢复，目前腹腔镜胃癌手术已能达到与开腹手术相同的D2淋巴结清扫水平，消化道的重建亦能在腹腔镜下完成（即全腹腔镜胃癌手术）。进一步推动胃癌手术的微创化是当前的关注焦点，经自然腔道取标本手术（NOSES）作为一种新兴的微创手术方式，具有创伤小、操作性好及可行性强等优势，已越来越多地应用于胃、结直肠肿瘤等患者中。本手术为NOSES在根治性全胃切除术中的临床应用。

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has become the main method of gastric cancer surgery. Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer has undergone the development process from laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy to complete laparoscopic radical gastrectomy, which further reduces the surgical trauma and speeds up the recovery. At present, laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer has reached the same level of D2 lymph node dissection as open surgery, and the reconstruction of digestive tract can also be completed under laparoscopy. Further promoting minimally invasive gastric cancer surgery is the current focus of attention. As a new minimally invasive surgical method, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) has the advantages of minimally invasive, good operability and feasibility, and has been gradually applied to patients with gastric and colorectal tumors. This operation is the clinical application of NOSES in radical total gastrectomy.