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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2019, Vol. 08 ›› Issue (01) : 23 -31. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2019.01.005

所属专题: 文献

论著

T1期直肠癌淋巴结转移相关临床病理因素分析
邹霜梅1, 陈宏达2, 方庆1, 李江涛1, 刘秀云1, 吕宁1,()   
  1. 1. 100021 北京,国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院病理科
    2. 100021 北京,国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院癌症早诊早治办公室
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-27 出版日期:2019-02-25
  • 通信作者: 吕宁
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题精准医学研究(No.2016YFC0905300); 中国医学科学院医学科学创新基金(No.2017-I2M-1-006,No.2016-I2M-1-001)

The clinical pathological features correlated with lymph node metastasis in T1 stage rectal carcinoma

Shuangmei Zou1, Hongda Chen2, Qing Fang1, Jiangtao Li1, Xiuyun Liu1, Ning Lyu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
    2. Office of Cancer Screening, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
  • Received:2018-09-27 Published:2019-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Ning Lyu
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Lyu Ning, Email:
引用本文:

邹霜梅, 陈宏达, 方庆, 李江涛, 刘秀云, 吕宁. T1期直肠癌淋巴结转移相关临床病理因素分析[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2019, 08(01): 23-31.

Shuangmei Zou, Hongda Chen, Qing Fang, Jiangtao Li, Xiuyun Liu, Ning Lyu. The clinical pathological features correlated with lymph node metastasis in T1 stage rectal carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2019, 08(01): 23-31.

目的

研究与T1期直肠癌淋巴结转移相关的临床病理因素,为临床医生选择适当的治疗方式及判断预后提供依据。

方法

本研究选取T1期直肠癌病例,分析相关临床和组织病理学指标与淋巴结转移、远处转移和生存的关系。

结果

共计251例根治性手术切除的连续性T1期直肠癌病例,淋巴结转移率11.2%(28/251)。3年、5年和10年的总生存率分别为98.6%、96.8%和94.9%。有淋巴结转移的病例3年、5年和10年的总生存率分别为100%、95.6%和90.9%;无淋巴结转移的病例3年、5年和10年的总生存率分别为99%、96.9%和95.4%,高于有淋巴结转移组,但差异无统计学意义。单因素分析显示患者的年龄(P=0.05)、腺瘤背景(P<0.01)、组织学分化(P<0.01)、筛状结构(P=0.03)、低分化肿瘤细胞簇(PDC)(P=0.02)、肿瘤出芽(TB)(P=0.01)、淋巴管血管侵犯(LVI)(P<0.01)、黏膜下静脉侵犯(VI)(P<0.01)、浸润深部腺体类型(P=0.04)与淋巴结转移有关。多因素logistic回归分析显示患者年龄(P=0.02)、腺瘤背景(P<0.01)、组织学分化(P=0.04)、黏膜下静脉侵犯(P=0.02)是淋巴结转移的危险因素。单因素分析显示肿瘤浸润最深处的腺体为开放型与淋巴结转移相关(P=0.04)。腺体的开放型还显示与肿瘤大体平坦型(P=0.03)、无腺瘤背景(P=0.03)、黏膜肌完全消失(P=0.05)、高级别肿瘤出芽(P <0.001)和肿瘤内坏死(P<0.001)有关。

结论

本项研究验证了多种已知的组织学特征与T1期直肠癌淋巴结转移的相关性,并且提出了筛状结构、腺体为开放型与淋巴结转移相关。

Objective

To investigate the association between clinical pathological factors and lymph node metastases in T1 stage rectal carcinoma.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed the 251 consecutive T1 rectal carcinoma patients who had undergone radical colectomy with lymph node dissection in a single institution. The histopathological factors were reviewed. The correlation between these factors and lymph node metastasis, tumor recurrence and survival were analyzed.

Results

A total of 251 consecutive patients with T1 rectal carcinoma were included in this study. Lymph node metastasis occurred in 11.2% (28/251) of patients. The 3, 5 and 10 years overall survival was 98.6%, 96.8% and 94.9%, respectively, for all patients. The 3, 5 and 10 years overall survival of patients with or without lymph node metastasis were 100%, 95.6% and 90.9% or 99%, 96.9% and 95.4%, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the two group in overall survival. Univariate analysis showed that each of the following histopathological factors had a significant influence on lymph node metastasis, which are patients′ age (P=0.05); adenomatous background (P<0.01), tumor differentiation (P<0.01), cribriform structure (P=0.03), PDC (P=0.02), tumor budding (P=0.01), lymphvascular invasion (P<0.01), submucosa venous invasion (P<0.01) and glandular pattern at the submucosal invasive front (P=0.04). Multivariate analysis showed that age (P=0.02), no adenomatous background (P<0.01), tumor differentiation (P=0.04) and submucosa venous invasion (P=0.02) were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. We also found that open-type glandular pattern is also correlated with gross plat-type (P=0.03); no adenoma background (P=0.03), complete disruption of the muscularis mucosa (P=0.05), high grade tumor budding (P<0.001) and tumor necrosis (P<0.001).

Conclusion

In the present study, we not only verified the effectiveness of those classical pathological factors, but proposed the cribriform structure, open-type glandular pattern at the submucosal invasive front in predicting lymph node metastasis in T1 stage rectal carcinoma.

图1 伴有筛状结构的癌。1A:筛状结构为主的腺癌;1B:筛状粉刺样癌;1C:腺腔内坏死(HE 100×)
图2 癌浸润深处腺体状态(HE染色)。2A、2B、2C:闭合型,浸润最深处为完整的腺体;2D、2E、2F:开放型,浸润最深处为开放的腺体;2D:伴有间质反应;2E:伴有大量中性粒细胞;2F:伴有坏死;2G、2H、2I:伴随腺体的破坏产生PDC和TB(箭头)
表1 T1期直肠癌淋巴结转移组和无转移组临床病理特征单因素分析(例,%)
项目 淋巴结+(n=28) 淋巴结-(n=223) χ2/t P
性别(例) ? ? 2.9 0.09
? 9(32.1) 114(51.1) ? ?
? 19(67.9) 109(48.9) ? ?
年龄(岁,±s ? ? ? ?
? ? 60.0±10.0 56.1±10.2 1.9 0.05
总大小(cm,±s ? ? ? ?
? ? 2.4±1.1 2.4±0.9 -0.1 0.92
黏膜肌 ? ? - 1
? A型 0 4(1.8) ? ?
? B型 4(14.3) 35(15.7) ? ?
? C型 24 (85.7) 184(82.5) ? ?
浸润深度(mm,±s ? ? ? ?
? ? 2.9±2.3 2.7±2.1 0.4 0.67
腺瘤成分 ? ? 12.9 <0.01
? 15(53.6) 46(20.6) ? ?
? 13(46.4) 177(79.3) ? ?
肿瘤成分 ? ? 15.6 <0.01
? 15(53.5) 47(21.1) ? ?
? 管状 5(17.9) 36(16.1) ? ?
? 绒毛状 8(28.6) 140(62.8) ? ?
分化 ? ? 11.4 <0.01
? 低级别 9(32.1) 149(66.8) ? ?
? 高级别 19(67.9) 74(33.2) ? ?
类型 ? ? 4.8 0.03
? 筛状 15(53.6) 69(30.9) ? ?
? 其它 13(46.4) 154(69.1) ? ?
PDC ? ? 7.6 0.02
? 11(39.3) 138(61.9) ? ?
? 低级别 4(14.3) 34(15.2) ? ?
? 高级别 13(46.4) 51(22.9) ? ?
TB(例) ? ? 8.9 0.01
? 4(14.3) 97(43.5) ? ?
? 低级别 7(25.0) 35(15.7) ? ?
? 高级别 17(60.7) 91(40.8) ? ?
淋巴管血管侵犯 ? ? 13.1 <0.01
? 11(39.3) 166(74.4) ? ?
? 17(60.7) 57(25.6) ? ?
静脉侵犯 ? ? 7.2 <0.01
? 13(46.4) 163(73.1) ? ?
? 15(53.6) 60(26.9) ? ?
神经侵犯 ? ? 0.5 0.50
? 27(96.4) 202(90.6) ? ?
? 1(3.6) 21(9.4) ? ?
坏死 ? ? - 0.97
? 8(28.6) 66(29.6) ? ?
? 腺腔内 17(60.7) 121(54.3) ? ?
? 腺腔外 2(7.1) 21(9.4) ? ?
? 腺腔内/外 1(3.6) 15(6.7) ? ?
腺体状态 ? ? 4.3 0.04
? 闭合型 4(14.3) 80(35.9) ? ?
? 开放型 24(85.7) 143(64.1) ? ?
腺瘤背景 ? ? 12.7 <0.01
? 14(50.0) 41(18.4) ? ?
? 14 (50.0) 182(81.6) ? ?
大体 ? ? 0.4 0.55
? 息肉型 9(32.1) 89(39.9) ? ?
? 平坦型 19(67.9) 134(60.1) ? ?
表2 T1期直肠癌淋巴结转移和无转移组临床病理特征多因素分析
图3 T1期直肠癌淋巴结转移组和无转移组生存分析
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