To study the clinical effect of the natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) surgical treatment of rectal cancer with the concept of enhance recovery after surgery (ERAS).

Twenty-five cases of NOSES radical resection of rectal cancer patients under the guidance of the concept of rapid rehabilitation surgery in our hospital were selected as research subjects (NOSES-ERAS group). We selected 30 cases patients with radical resection of rectal by laparoscopic surgery under the guidance of traditional concept as control group.We evaluated the operation time, blood loss, length of incision, the number of lymph node dissection and wound complications and lower extremity venous embolism and hypostatic pneumonia incidence rate of postoperative complications. NRS method was used to evaluate postoperative pain by SPSS13.0 statistical analysis software.

There were no statistical differences between the NOSES-ERAS group and control goup in comparison with the number of lymph node dissection, operation time, blood loss, postoperative anastomotic leakage and other aspects. The total incidence rate of incision related complications in NOSES-ERAS group was lower than that of control group (χ²=4.101, P<0.05); the incidence of NOSES-ERAS patients after leaving bed time, and hospitalization time were shorter than the control group (χ²=-11.179, -3.434, P<0.05); incision length of NOSES-ERAS group were shorter than the control group (t=-42.798, P<0.01), postoperative pain NRS score of NOSES-ERAS group were lighter than the control group (t=-26.525, P<0.05).

The NOSES radical resection of rectal cancer under the guidance of ERAS achieved more minimally invasive cosmetic and functional, individualized treatment effect in laparoscopic surgery. There is a greater advantage that ERAS combined with the NOSES radical resection of rectal cancer which is worthy of popularization and with good application prospect.