To study the effectiveness and short-term outcome of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) in synchronous multiple primary colorectal cancer by collecting cases in colorectal surgery.

A total of ten cases were collected. All the patients were diagnosed with synchronous multiple primary colorectal cancer and treated by NOSES. The data included demographic data, postoperative pathology data, surgical data and follow-up data.

The average age of patients was (67.0±8.3) years, the average BMI was (22.8±2.5) kg/m², most of the two cancer foci were located in right-sided colon and rectal. Pathological characteristics were different between two cancer foci. The average number of lymph node count was (20.1±16.0) and most of the maximum diameter of tumor were less than 5 cm. 80% of the patients were treated with rectal specimen extractions and 20% by vaginal extractions. The average operation time was (267.0±99.8) minutes and the average blood loss was (110.0±76.8) ml. The average postoperative exhaust time was (50.9±17.8) hours and the average postoperative hospital stay was (11.8±3.2) days. Only one case had postoperative complications, none of these cases received reoperation in the period of hospitalization. In addition, the follow-up data showed that no postoperative anal dysfunction and vaginal dysfunction was detected, the 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates for the entire group were 100.0%, 85.7% and 66.7% respectively.

NOSES in synchronous multiple primary colorectal cancer seems to have good effect and short-term outcome. This technology still need to be explored in clinical practice in the future.