The incidence and death rate of colorectal cancer has shown an upward trend in China. Colorectal cancer turns to be a great threat to people's health. There is an urgent need for my country to adopt an effective and suitable colorectal cancer screening strategy to reduce the disease burden of colorectal cancer. The prominent problem currently faced is that the coverage of colorectal cancer screening programs for the population in my country is not yet extensive, and the methods are not uniform. A comprehensive national colorectal cancer screening system needs to be formed. The role of establishing a screening system is to detect precancerous lesions and early cases, thereby reducing the incidence and increasing the proportion of early cases, which is of great significance in health economics. This article briefly descirbed the development and current status of colorectal cancer screening international, comparaed several frequently used methods, introduced the latest guidelines and consensus of colorectal cancer screening, and put forward ideas and suggestions for the establishment of colorectal cancer screening system in China.