To observe the differences in intestinal function recovery and intestinal complications between patients undergoing extraperitoneal colostomy and conventional intraperitoneal colostomy, and to explore nursing methods.

205 patients with abdominal perineal resection were divided into two groups according to ostomy: tunnel colostomy in the treatment group and routine intraperitoneal stoma in the control group. We observed the recovery of intestinal function and colostomy complications or defecation from perioperative to one year after surgery.

There was no significant difference in the incidence of intestinal obstruction and the incidence of colostomy complications between the two groups during the perioperative period (P>0.05). Postoperative patients had obvious symptoms of abdominal distension and prolonged defecation time, the treatment group was higher than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the ability of self-care colostomy and the incidence of intestinal obstruction within one year after operation (P>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the formation of regular bowel habits between the two groups (χ²=6.616, P=0.010). There was no significant difference in the incidence of intestinal colostomy and stenosis within one year after operation (P>0.05). The incidence of intestinal parastomal hernia and intestinal ostomy prolapse was lower in the treatment group than in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).

In patients with extraperitoneal colostomy, the recovery of intestinal function is longer than that of patients with intraperitoneal colostomy and the symptoms of bloating are obvious. To promote intestinal function recovery, nurses should strengthen the diet and activity guidance; The long-term postoperative period is more likely to form regular bowel habits. The incidence of intestinal parastomal hernia and intestinal ostomy prolapse is significantly lower than that of intraperitoneal colostomy patients. Therefore, the nursing guidance for patients with intraperitoneal colostomy can be optimally adjusted according to its advantages.