Computed tomographic colonography (CTC) is a minimally invasive, safe and robust colonic imaging modality. The technique is standardized, consolidated evidence from the literature showing that the diagnostic performances for the detection of colorectal cancer and large polyps are similar to colonoscopy (CS) and largely superior to barium enema. A clear understanding of the exact role of CTC will be beneficial to maximize the benefits and minimize the potential sources of frustration for both referring clinicians and patients. This paper provides overviews of the recent data on CTC population screening, reporting and data system and the latest progress in the clinical diagnosis and treatment.