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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (03) : 244 -255. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2026.03.007

论著

功能性便秘患者胃肠电图参数与临床特征的相关性及其对不同亚型的诊断价值分析
刘富丽1,(), 李丹1, 陈燕1, 段慧1, 李姣1, 周正奎2   
  1. 1 610000 成都市第三人民医院消化内科
    2 610000 成都市第三人民医院胃镜室
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-25 出版日期:2026-06-25
  • 通信作者: 刘富丽
  • 基金资助:
    四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFC1616); 成都市医学科研项目(2024070); 2023年成都市医学科研课题立项项目(2023599)

Analysis of the correlation between gastrointestinal electrogastrography parameters and clinical characteristics in patients with functional constipation and their diagnostic value for different subtypes

Fuli Liu1,(), Dan Li1, Yan Chen1, Hui Duan1, Jiao Li1, Zhengkui Zhou2   

  1. 1 Department of Gastroenterology, Chengdu 610000, China
    2 Endoscopy Room, the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610000, China
  • Received:2026-01-25 Published:2026-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Fuli Liu
引用本文:

刘富丽, 李丹, 陈燕, 段慧, 李姣, 周正奎. 功能性便秘患者胃肠电图参数与临床特征的相关性及其对不同亚型的诊断价值分析[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2026, 15(03): 244-255.

Fuli Liu, Dan Li, Yan Chen, Hui Duan, Jiao Li, Zhengkui Zhou. Analysis of the correlation between gastrointestinal electrogastrography parameters and clinical characteristics in patients with functional constipation and their diagnostic value for different subtypes[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 15(03): 244-255.

目的

探讨胃肠电图参数在不同亚型功能性便秘(FC)患者中的差异,分析其与临床特征的相关性,并评估其对功能性便秘亚型的诊断效能。

方法

选取成都市第三人民医院2023年6月至2024年7月收治的FC患者104例,经结肠传输试验分为慢传输型便秘(STC)21例、排便障碍型便秘(DD)45例及正常传输型便秘(NTC)38例,无混合型便秘患者。比较不同亚型FC患者胃肠电图参数及临床特征差异;分析胃肠电图参数与临床特征的相关性;采用Logistic分析疾病亚型与胃肠电图参数的影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析胃肠电图参数对FC疾病亚型的预测价值。

结果

不同FC亚型患者在粪便干结(χ2=6.309,P=0.043)、排便费力(χ2=7.036,P=0.030)、排便不尽感(χ2=6.378,P=0.041)及需手法辅助排便(χ2=16.788,P<0.001)的构成比上,三组间差异具有统计学意义。胃电图参数分析显示,餐前平均幅值在三组间差异明显(F=33.354,P<0.001),其中STC组最低,DD组最高,NTC组居中;DD组餐后/餐前功率比明显高于STC组(t=2.259,P=0.027)。肠电图参数上,STC组表现为餐前幅值最低、节律紊乱百分比最高、餐后增幅最低;DD组则餐前及餐后平均幅值、餐后/餐前功率比均为最高,且明显高于STC组(t=3.806,P<0.001;t=6.619,P<0.001;t=7.796,P<0.001)。症状与参数相关性分析表明,粪便干结与餐前肠平均幅值及频率呈负相关(分别r=−0.468,P=0.002;r=−0.518,P=0.009),而排便费力、排便不尽感与餐前胃平均幅值呈正相关(分别r=0.614,P=0.015;r=0.394,P=0.013),需手法辅助排便与餐后肠平均幅值、餐后/餐前肠功率比呈正相关(r=0.691,P<0.001;r=0.542,P<0.001),与餐前肠电节律紊乱百分比呈负相关(r=−0.453,P=0.023)。对于STC,餐前胃平均幅值、餐后/餐前胃功率比、餐前肠平均幅值、餐后肠平均幅值、餐后/餐前肠功率比是独立保护因素,餐前肠电节律紊乱、餐后肠电节律紊乱是独立危险因素;对于DD,餐前胃平均幅值、餐前肠平均幅值、餐后肠平均幅值增高、餐后/餐前肠功率比是独立危险因素;对于NTC,餐前肠电节律紊乱百分比、餐后肠电节律紊乱百分比是独立保护因素(P均<0.05)。ROC分析进一步证实,联合使用餐前胃平均幅值、餐后肠节律紊乱及餐后/餐前功率比等参数,能明显提升对STC、DD及NTC亚型的预测效能(联合预测AUC分别为0.989、0.934、0.947),其效果优于单一参数。

结论

胃肠电图参数与FC的临床特征具有相关性,联合胃肠电图参数能有效鉴别各亚型,为无创客观分型与精准诊疗提供了重要依据。

Objective

To investigate the differences in electrogastroenterogram parameters among patients with different subtypes of functional constipation (FC), analyze their correlation with clinical features, and evaluate their diagnostic efficacy for subtypes of functional constipation.

Methods

A total of 104 patients with functional constipation admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu from June 2023 to July 2024 were selected. According to the colonic transit test, there were 21 cases of slow-transit constipation (STC), forty-five cases of defecation disorder constipation (DD), and 38 cases of normal-transit constipation (NTC), no mixed type constipation patients diagnosed. Differences in gastrointestinal electromyography parameters and clinical pathological features among FC patients with different subtypes were compared; the correlation between gastrointestinal electromyography parameters and clinical pathological features was analyzed; multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing disease subtypes and gastrointestinal electromyography parameters; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the predictive value of gastrointestinal electromyography parameters for FC disease subtypes.

Results

There are statistically significant differences among the three groups in the proportion of patients with different FC subtypes in terms of hard stools (χ2=6.309, P=0.043), straining during defecation (χ2=7.036, P=0.030), sensation of incomplete evacuation (χ2=6.378, P=0.041), and the need for manual assistance (χ2=16.788, P<0.001) during defecation. Analysis of electrogastrography parameters showed that the average preprandial amplitude differed significantly among the three groups (F=33.354, P<0.001), with the slow-transit constipation (STC) group being the lowest, the defecation disorder (DD) group the highest, and the normal-transit constipation (NTC) group in between. The postprandial/preprandial power ratio in the DD group was significantly higher than that in the STC group (t=2.259, P=0.027). Regarding intestinal electrogastrography parameters, the STC group showed the lowest preprandial amplitude, the highest percentage of rhythm disturbances, and the lowest postprandial increase; the DD group had the highest pre- and postprandial amplitudes and the highest postprandial power ratio, significantly higher than those in the STC group (t=3.806, P<0.001; t=6.619, P<0.001; t=7.796, P<0.001). Analysis of the correlation between symptoms and parameters shows that hard stools are negatively correlated with preprandial intestinal electrical amplitude and frequency (r=−0.468, P=0.002; r=−0.518, P=0.009), while straining during defecation and the sensation of incomplete evacuation are positively correlated with the average preprandial gastric amplitude (r=0.614, P=0.015; r=0.394, P=0.013). Manual assistance for defecation is significantly positively correlated with the average postprandial intestinal amplitude and the postprandial/preprandial intestinal power ratio (r=0.691, P<0.001; r=0.542, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with the percentage of preprandial intestinal dysrthythmia (r=−0.453, P=0.023). For STC, the preprandial gastric average amplitude, postprandial/preprandial gastric power ratio, preprandial intestinal average amplitude, postprandial intestinal average amplitude, and postprandial/preprandial intestinal power ratio are independent protective factors, while preprandial intestinal dysrhythmia and postprandial intestinal dysrhythmia are independent risk factors; for DD, the preprandial gastric average amplitude, preprandial intestinal average amplitude, increased postprandial intestinal average amplitude, and postprandial/preprandial intestinal power ratio are independent risk factors; for NTC, the percentage of preprandial intestinal dysrhythmia and postprandial intestinal dysrhythmia are independent protective factors (all P<0.05). ROC analysis further confirmed that the combined use of parameters such as pre-meal average amplitude, postprandial rhythm disturbance, and postprandial power ratio could significantly improve the prediction efficiency of STC, DD and NTC isotypes (the combined prediction AUC was 0.989, 0.934 and 0.947, respectively), and its effect was better than that of a single parameter.

Conclusion

Gastrointestinal electromyography parameters are correlated with the clinical characteristics of FC, and combining gastrointestinal electromyography parameters can effectively distinguish various subtypes, providing an important basis for non-invasive objective classification and precise diagnosis and treatment.

图1 FC患者胃电图。1A:FC患者胃电图的近似系数;1B:FC患者胃电图的细节系数
表1 不同亚型患者一般资料比较[
±s,例(%)]
表2 不同亚型患者临床特征[例(%)]
表3 不同亚型胃电图参数比较(
±s
表4 不同亚型肠电图参数比较
图2 胃肠电图参数与临床特征的相关性分析
表5 疾病亚型与胃肠电图参数的相关性Logistic回归分析
图3 胃肠电图参数对疾病亚型的预测价值。3A:胃肠电图参数对STC的预测价值;3B:胃肠电图参数对DD的预测价值;3C:胃肠电图参数对NTC的预测价值
表6 胃肠电图参数对疾病亚型的预测价值
项目 AUC(95%CI 敏感度(%)(95%CI 特异度(%)(95%CI 截断值 P
STC
餐前胃平均幅值 0.882(0.814~0.951) 88.21(76.25~91.52) 60.41(43.26~75.64) 162.85 μV <0.001
餐后/前胃功率比 0.703(0.558~0.848) 23.50(18.26~37.51) 96.23(94.56~99.63) 1.93 0.004
餐前肠平均幅值 0.631(0.502~0.759) 31.42(22.64~41.26) 98.11(95.35~99.74) 20.47 μV 0.065
餐前肠电节律紊乱百分比 0.819(0.706~0.933) 60.85(41.95~78.32) 98.12(96.57~99.62) 18.14% <0.001
餐后肠平均幅值 0.646(0.517~0.775) 45.13(35.46~67.26) 94.32(82.65~97.47) 15.96 μV 0.040
餐后肠平均频率 0.897(0.834~0.961) 56.91(42.59~71.26) 66.04(52.79~80.58) 13.97 cpm <0.001
餐后肠电节律紊乱百分比 0.956(0.919~0.992) 90.22(83.61~98.36) 86.82(74.29~90.11) 20.35% <0.001
餐后/餐前肠功率比 0.873(0.793~0.952) 58.83(48.69~71.32) 86.81(76.95~93.61) 1.665 <0.001
联合检测 0.989(0.965~0.996) 86.32(72.69~94.65) 96.23(87.69~98.62) 0.553 <0.001
DD
餐前胃平均幅值 0.804(0.723~0.885) 86.71(78.69~94.36) 62.75(57.96~74.83) 167.85 μV <0.001
餐后/餐前胃功率比 0.576(0.462~0.690) 24.23(18.96~40.86) 98.32(95.68~99.72) 1.985 0.187
餐前肠平均幅值 0.666(0.559~0.773) 35.61(24.53~49.65) 98.31(96.14~99.68) 20.472 μV 0.004
餐前肠电节律紊乱百分比 0.701(0.601~0.801) 64.43(51.96~76.15) 96.54(91.53~98.68) 19.57% <0.001
餐后肠平均幅值 0.790(0.702~0.879) 57.82(49.65~63.54) 91.53(86.49~97.63) 22.07 μV <0.001
餐后肠平均频率 0.662(0.554~0.770) 44.42(33.85~50.63) 83.17(68.64~87.49) 14.465 cpm 0.005
餐后肠电节律紊乱百分比 0.730(0.635~0.826) 75.62(63.95~82.46) 59.36(50.24~67.63) 21.405% <0.001
餐后/餐前肠功率比 0.834(0.757~0.910) 75.63(66.53~84.95) 76.35(70.24~82.63) 1.512 <0.001
联合检测 0.934(0.889~0.980) 77.81(67.26~86.78) 93.25(84.56~96.80) 0.547 <0.001
NTC
餐前胃平均幅值 0.783(0.695~0.871) 88.23(79.16~93.45) 60.43(53.81~69.23) 162.85 μV <0.001
餐后/前胃功率比 0.565(0.454~0.677) 23.53(14.28~31.54) 96.23(90.71~98.46) 1.925 0.454
餐前肠平均幅值 0.618(0.509~0.727) 31.42(22.63~43.75) 98.11(96.22~99.37) 20.468 μV 0.038
餐前肠电节律紊乱百分比 0.863(0.794~0.932) 60.83(48.63~75.99) 98.13(96.51~99.33) 18.14% <0.001
餐后肠平均幅值 0.714(0.614~0.815) 51.13(40.86~63.53) 90.65(83.16~94.35) 17.07 μV <0.001
餐后肠平均频率 0.636(0.529~0.743) 56.94(47.15~68.33) 66.24(58.69~71.25) 13.97 cpm 0.017
餐后肠电节律紊乱百分比 0.930(0.877~0.984) 90.23(82.44~95.63) 86.82(80.53~92.54) 20.35% <0.001
餐后/餐前肠功率比 0.791(0.705~0.876) 68.63(60.59~76.54) 75.53(71.76~79.86) 1.51 <0.001
联合检测 0.947(0.901~0.984) 86.31(79.68~92.53) 96.23(93.38~98.96) 0.55 <0.001
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