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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (01) : 31 -36. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2026.01.003

青年专家论坛

直肠癌MRI影像学评估:从精准分期到预后预测的研究进展与展望
刘郁芳1,2, 赵青,1,3()   
  1. 1100021 北京,国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院影像诊断科
    2363000 漳州,福建省漳州市医院放射科
    3030013 太原,山西省肿瘤医院/中国医学科学院肿瘤医院山西医院/山西医科大学附属肿瘤医院医学影像科
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-05 出版日期:2026-02-25
  • 通信作者: 赵青
  • 基金资助:
    山西省基础研究计划资助项目(No.202403021211143); 北京市自然科学基金项目(No.7244398); 中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(No.2025-I2M-C&T-B-063)

MRI in rectal cancer: from precision staging to prognostic prediction

Yufang Liu1,2, Qing Zhao,1,3()   

  1. 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
    2Department of Radiology, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
    3Department of Radiology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, China
  • Received:2025-12-05 Published:2026-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Qing Zhao
引用本文:

刘郁芳, 赵青. 直肠癌MRI影像学评估:从精准分期到预后预测的研究进展与展望[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2026, 15(01): 31-36.

Yufang Liu, Qing Zhao. MRI in rectal cancer: from precision staging to prognostic prediction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 15(01): 31-36.

磁共振成像(MRI)是直肠癌诊疗的重要手段。随着高分辨率序列、功能成像及人工智能的发展,MRI的应用已从形态学分期扩展至疗效评估、预后预测及个体化治疗指导。本文系统综述MRI在直肠癌初始分期(T/N分期、壁外血管侵犯、肿瘤沉积、直肠系膜筋膜评估)、新辅助治疗后疗效评价以及预后预测方面的研究进展,并分析当前MRI应用面临的挑战,同时展望未来发展方向,以期为临床实践与研究提供参考。

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of rectal cancer. Advancements in high-resolution sequences, functional imaging, and artificial intelligence have broadened MRI’s role from morphological staging to encompassing efficacy assessments, prognostic predictions, and guiding personalized treatment strategies. This review comprehensively examines the evolving role of MRI in the primary staging of rectal cancer (including T/N staging, extramural vascular invasion, tumor deposits, and mesorectal fascia assessment), the evaluation of treatment response following neoadjuvant therapy, and the prediction of survival outcomes. It also discusses the current challenges in MRI evaluation and offers insights into future directions, aiming to inform clinical practice and research.

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