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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (06) : 552 -558. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2025.06.010

经验交流

经肛辅助在腹腔镜低位直肠癌完全经腹括约肌间切除术保肛手术中的应用价值:37例病例分析
李梦哲, 梁鸿, 郑伟, 王洗, 杨展鹏, 范青文, 张超()   
  1. 450006 郑州,河南省人民医院胃肠外科/郑州大学人民医院胃肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-21 出版日期:2025-12-25
  • 通信作者: 张超

Analysis of 37 cases of the application value of transanal assistance in laparoscopic transabdominal ISR sphincter-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer

Mengzhe Li, Hong Liang, Wei Zheng, Xi Wang, Zhanpeng Yang, Qingwen Fan, Chao Zhang()   

  1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, He’nan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450006, China
  • Received:2025-09-21 Published:2025-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Chao Zhang
引用本文:

李梦哲, 梁鸿, 郑伟, 王洗, 杨展鹏, 范青文, 张超. 经肛辅助在腹腔镜低位直肠癌完全经腹括约肌间切除术保肛手术中的应用价值:37例病例分析[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(06): 552-558.

Mengzhe Li, Hong Liang, Wei Zheng, Xi Wang, Zhanpeng Yang, Qingwen Fan, Chao Zhang. Analysis of 37 cases of the application value of transanal assistance in laparoscopic transabdominal ISR sphincter-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(06): 552-558.

目的

探讨经肛辅助在腹腔镜低位直肠癌完全经腹括约肌间切除术(ISR)保肛手术中的应用价值。

方法

回顾性分析2023年2月至2025年2月河南省人民医院收治的37例cT1~T2期低位直肠癌行经肛辅助腹腔镜完全经腹ISR治疗患者的临床资料,在术中,助手使用自制举肛器和推肛器经肛辅助主刀医生游离远端直肠完成次全或完全ISR、重建消化道或加固吻合口。收集并分析患者基线特征、术后病理结果、术后并发症以及随访期间肿瘤复发或转移情况。

结果

37例患者均顺利完成ISR保肛手术,均未行预防性造口,无中转开腹或手术方式变更。手术时间为(198.38±30.48)min,中位术中出血量为100(50~250)mL,所有患者均完成R0切除,淋巴结清扫数量为(19.51±3.62)枚,术后住院时间为(10.32±2.31)d,腹腔冲洗液脱落细胞学检查均未发现肿瘤细胞,无术后吻合口漏,无围手术期死亡患者。所有患者均获得术后随访,中位随访10(6~18)个月,随访期间无肿瘤复发或远处转移。

结论

经肛辅助在腹腔镜低位直肠癌ISR保肛手术中的应用是安全可行的。

Objective

To investigate the application value of transanal assistance in laparoscopic transabdominal intersphincteric resection (ISR) sphincter-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of clinical data from 37 patients with cT1~T2 low rectal cancer who underwent transanal assistance in laparoscopic transabdominal ISR at He’nan Provincial People’s Hospital between February 2023 and February 2025. During surgery, the assistant used the self-made anal lifter and anal pusher to assist the primary surgeon in dissecting the distal rectum to achieve subtotal or total ISR, reconstructing the digestive tract, or reinforcing the anastomosis. Baseline characteristics, postoperative pathology, postoperative complications, and tumor recurrence or metastasis during follow-up were collected and analyzed.

Results

All 37 patients successfully underwent ISR sphincter-preserving surgery without prophylactic stoma creation, conversion to open surgery, or change in surgical approach. The mean operative time was (198.38±30.48) min, with a median intraoperative blood loss of 100 (50~250) mL. All patients achieved R0 resection, with a mean number of lymph nodes removed of (19.51±3.62). The mean postoperative hospital stay was (10.32±2.31) days. No tumor cells were detected in the cytological examination of the peritoneal lavage fluid. No anastomotic leaks or perioperative deaths occurred. All patients underwent postoperative follow-up with a median duration of 10 (6~18) months. No tumor recurrence or metastasis was observed during follow-up.

Conclusion

The application of transanal assistance in laparoscopic transabdominal ISR sphincter-preserving surgery for low rectal cancer is safe and feasible.

表1 患者基线特征[±s,例(%)]
图1 腹腔镜ISR手术中经腹入路关键步骤示意图。1A:"翻转技术"下离断Hiatal韧带;1B:切除部分内括约肌,打开内外括约肌间隙
图2 经肛辅助下游离直肠各壁术中视野。2A:经肛辅助下游离直肠前壁;2B:游离直肠左侧壁;2C:游离直肠右侧壁;2D:游离直肠后壁
图3 吻合口加固操作。3A:推肛器辅助下加固吻合口;3B:加固完成后撤去推肛器可见吻合口立即缩回盆腔
表2 术中相关情况[±s,例(%),M(Q<sub>1</sub>,Q<sub>3</sub>)]
表3 术后相关情况[±s,例(%)]
图4 经肛辅助在腹腔镜完全经腹ISR手术中的应用示意图(李梦哲绘制)。4A:举肛器操作示意图;4B:推肛器操作示意图
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