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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (03) : 234 -241. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2025.03.004

论著

早发性和晚发性局部进展期直肠癌的临床病理特征和远期预后分析
李干斌1, 张潇1, 邱小原1, 王晨童1, 徐徕1, 牛备战1, 张冠南1, 陆君阳1, 吴斌1, 肖毅1, 林国乐1,()   
  1. 1. 100730 北京,中国医学科学院北京协和医院基本外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-24 出版日期:2025-06-25
  • 通信作者: 林国乐
  • 基金资助:
    中央高水平医院临床科研专项(No.2022-PUMCH-C-005)中央高水平医院临床科研专项2022年专科提升计划“消化道肿瘤诊治精准化体系的建立”(No.2022-PUMCH-B-005)

Clinicopathological features and prognosis of early- and late-onset locally advanced rectal cancer

Ganbin Li1, Xiao Zhang1, Xiaoyuan Qiu1, Chentong Wang1, Lai Xu1, Beizhan Niu1, Guannan Zhang1, Junyang Lu1, Bin Wu1, Yi Xiao1, Guole Lin1,()   

  1. 1. Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
  • Received:2024-10-24 Published:2025-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Guole Lin
引用本文:

李干斌, 张潇, 邱小原, 王晨童, 徐徕, 牛备战, 张冠南, 陆君阳, 吴斌, 肖毅, 林国乐. 早发性和晚发性局部进展期直肠癌的临床病理特征和远期预后分析[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2025, 14(03): 234-241.

Ganbin Li, Xiao Zhang, Xiaoyuan Qiu, Chentong Wang, Lai Xu, Beizhan Niu, Guannan Zhang, Junyang Lu, Bin Wu, Yi Xiao, Guole Lin. Clinicopathological features and prognosis of early- and late-onset locally advanced rectal cancer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 14(03): 234-241.

目的

比较早发性和晚发性局部进展期直肠癌的临床特征、病理特征和远期预后。

方法

回顾性分析2019年1月至2022年1月于中国医学科学院北京协和医院诊治的局部进展期直肠癌患者临床资料。根据发病年龄,将患者分为早发性(<50岁)和晚发性(≥50岁)两组。比较两组患者的临床特征、病理特征和远期预后。主要结局指标为3年无病生存期(3y-DFS)和总体生存期(3y-OS)。

结果

共纳入464例局部进展期直肠癌患者,其中早发性92例(19.8%),晚发性372例(80.2%)。早发性直肠癌以女性多见(40.2% vs. 29.3%,P=0.043)、ASA I级的比例更高(83.7% vs.50.0%,P<0.001)。早发性直肠癌的病理完全缓解率(33.7% vs. 23.4%,P=0.042)和肿瘤退缩分级(CAP)0~1级(62.0% vs. 50.3%,P=0.044)的比例均显著高于晚发性直肠癌患者。中位随访时间39(25~52)个月,随访率99.8%。远处转移60例(早发性13例,晚发性47例),复发8例(早发性5例,晚发性3例)。远处转移率和局部复发率分别为12.9%和1.7%,组间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。与晚发性相比,早发性患者的3y-DFS(81.9% vs. 86.3%,P=0.531)和OS(92.6% vs. 94.2%,P=0.708)差异无统计学意义。

结论

与晚发性患者相比,早发性患者以女性多见,对新辅助放化疗反应性更佳,但远期预后无差异。

Objective

To compare the clinical characteristics, pathologic features and survival outcomes of early-onset and late-onset locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods

Clinical data of locally advanced rectal cancer patients admitted in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the age of onset, the patients were divided into early-onset(<50 years) and late-onset (≥50 years) groups. The primary outcomes were 3-year disease-free survival(3y-DFS) and overall survival (3y-OS).

Results

A total of 464 locally advanced rectal cancer patients were included, including 92 (19.8%) in early-onset group and 372 (80.2%) in late-onset group. Early-onset patients was more common in women (40.2% vs. 29.3%, P=0.043), and the proportion of ASA grade I was higher(83.7% vs. 50.0%, P<0.001). The pathological complete response rate (33.7% vs. 23.4%, P=0.042) and the proportion of CAP 0-1 grade (62.0% vs. 50.3%, P=0.044) in early-onset group were significantly higher than that in late-onset group. The median follow-up time was 39 (25~52) months with the follow-up rate of 99.8%.Approximately 60 patients had distant metastasis (13 patients in early-onset and 47 patients in late-onset) and 8 patients had tumor relapse (5 patients in early-onset and 3 patients in late-onset). The distant metastasis rate and local recurrence rate were 12.9% and 1.7%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in 3y-DFS (81.9% vs. 86.3%, P=0.531) and 3y-OS (92.6% vs. 94.2%, P=0.708) between patients with early-onset rectal cancer and those with late-onset rectal cancer.

Conclusion

Compared to late-onset group, patients in the early-onset group is more common in females, and exhibit a relatively superior response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, but this kind of better local control of disease did not result in an improved long-term survival outcomes.

表1 早发性和晚发性局部进展期直肠癌的基线资料比较分析[例(%)]
图1 研究入组流程图
续表
续表
图2 早发性和晚发性局部进展期直肠癌的生存预后。2A:3年无病生存率;2B:3年总体生存率
表4 影响DFS的Cox单因素及多因素回归分析
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