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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 312 -320. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2024.04.007

论著

基于直肠高分辨MRI的直肠侧系膜分析及其临床价值的研究
臧书芹1, 陈巧玲1, 江思源2, 朱晓明2, 沈浮1, 王颢2, 张卫2, 邵成伟1,()   
  1. 1. 200433 上海,海军军医大学第一附属医院(上海长海医院)影像医学科
    2. 200433 上海,海军军医大学第一附属医院(上海长海医院)肛肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-31 出版日期:2024-08-25
  • 通信作者: 邵成伟

Analysis of the lateral mesorectum and its clinical value based on rectal high-resolution MRI

Shuqin Zang1, Qiaoling Chen1, Siyuan Jiang2, Xiaoming Zhu2, Fu Shen1, Hao Wang2, Wei Zhang2, Chengwei Shao1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    2. Department of Anorectal Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Received:2024-05-31 Published:2024-08-25
  • Corresponding author: Chengwei Shao
引用本文:

臧书芹, 陈巧玲, 江思源, 朱晓明, 沈浮, 王颢, 张卫, 邵成伟. 基于直肠高分辨MRI的直肠侧系膜分析及其临床价值的研究[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2024, 13(04): 312-320.

Shuqin Zang, Qiaoling Chen, Siyuan Jiang, Xiaoming Zhu, Fu Shen, Hao Wang, Wei Zhang, Chengwei Shao. Analysis of the lateral mesorectum and its clinical value based on rectal high-resolution MRI[J]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(04): 312-320.

目的

回顾性分析直肠癌患者行根治术前的直肠高分辨磁共振检查资料,观察患者直肠侧系膜结构并结合临床资料分析其对患者预后的影响。

方法

对2017年1月至2018年12月期间在海军军医大学第一附属医院行直肠癌根治术患者的数据进行回顾性分析。收集术前行直肠高分辨磁共振成像(MRI)的患者的影像学资料,根据MRI图像观察直肠系膜筋膜(MRF)双侧的直肠侧系膜结构及直肠中动脉(MRA)并测量相关参数,包含直肠侧系膜中断宽度、直肠中动脉类型和直肠中动脉最大管径,结合临床资料与患者无病生存(DFS)资料进行Cox回归分析,构建患者术前预测模型及绘制Nomogram图和(ROC)曲线。

结果

最终258例患者纳入本研究。术前直肠高分辨MRI中所有患者双侧均观察到MRF的中断及MRA走行。MRA可分为4种类型:前外侧型、外侧型、后外侧型、细小分支型。根据术后有无局部复发及远处转移将患者分为复发转移组和未复发转移组。多因素Cox回归分析结果发现右侧直肠中动脉最大管径(HR:3.042,95%CI:1.928~4.798,P<0.001)、mrT分期(HR:3.618,95%CI:1.223~10.705,P=0.021)和右侧侧系膜宽度(HR:1.001,95%CI:1.000~1.001,P=0.012)为患者术后复发转移的预测因素。Nomogram预测模型C-index指数为0.733(95%CI:0.686~0.781)。1、3及5年DFS的AUC分别为0.784、0.808以及0.888。

结论

直肠高分辨MRI可观察到直肠侧系膜和直肠中动脉固有存在,右侧侧系膜中断宽度和右侧直肠中动脉最大管径是患者术后复发转移的危险因素。术中更好地处理直肠侧系膜,可能会为患者带来更好的预后,未来仍需要进一步研究。

Objective

To retrospectively analyze the data of rectal high-resolution magnetic resonance examination before radical resection in patients with rectal cancer, observe the structure of lateral mesorectum and analyze its influence on the prognosis of patients combined with clinical data.

Methods

Data of patients who underwent radical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University between January 2017 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The imaging data of patients undergoing rectal high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before surgery were collected. The bilateral structures of the mesorectal fascia (MRF) and the middle rectal artery (MRA) were observed based on MRI, and measured its relevant parameters, including the width of the lateral mesorectum, the type of MRA and maximum diameter of MRA. Cox regression analysis was performed by combining the clinical data with the patient's disease-free survival (DFS) data. The preoperative prediction model was constructed and Nomogram and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted.

Results

This study included 258 patients. The interruption of MRF and the MRA through were observed bilaterally in all patients on preoperative rectal high-resolution MRI. MRA could be divided into 4 types: anterolateral type, lateral type, posterolateral type, and small branches type. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether local recurrence and distant metastasis occurred. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the maximum diameter of the right MRA (HR: 3.042, 95%CI: 1.928~4.798, P<0.001) and mrT stage (HR: 3.618, 95%CI: 1.223~10.705, P=0.021) and the width of right MRF (HR: 1.001, 95%CI: 1.000~1.001, P=0.012) were predictors of postoperative recurrence and metastasis. The C-index of the Nomogram prediction model was 0.733 (95%CI: 0.686~0.781). The AUC for 1-, 3- and 5-year DFS was 0.784, 0.808 and 0.888, respectively.

Conclusion

The inherent presence of the MRF and the MRA could be observed by high-resolution rectal MRI. The width of the right MRF and the maximum diameter of the right MRA were prognostic factors for postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Better intraoperative management of the MRF may lead to better outcomes for patients, and further research is still needed in the future.

图1 直肠高分辨T2WI斜横断面图像。1A:男性患者,1B:女性患者。黄色箭头:MRF侧方中断处;左上角放大图及白色虚线:测量示意
图2 横断面T1增强图像的直肠中动脉分型示意图。红色箭头:直肠中动脉;左上角放大图及白色虚线:测量示意。2A:前外侧型,2B:外侧型,2C:后外侧型,2D:细小分支型
表1 患者基线资料和侧系膜相关参数[,例(%)]
表2 左右两侧直肠侧系膜相关参数的比较
图3 直肠侧系膜相关参数在两组间的差异。3A:右侧MRA最大管径;3B:右侧MRF中断宽度
图4 无病生存期KM曲线。4A:mrT分期,4B:右侧MRA类型
表3 直肠侧系膜相关参数DFS分析
图5 预测模型Nomogram图
图6 预测DFS的ROC曲线。6A:1年DFS的AUC;6B:3年DFS的AUC;6C:5年DFS的AUC
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