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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (03) : 240 -244. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2020.03.006

所属专题: 经自然腔道取标本手术学 文献

论著

结直肠癌腹腔镜经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES IV式)术后并发症危险因素分析
裴炜1, 周思成1, 周海涛1, 刘骞1, 郑朝旭1, 关旭1, 刘正1, 姜争1, 梁建伟1,(), 王锡山1,(), 周志祥1   
  1. 1. 100021 北京,国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院结直肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-21 出版日期:2020-06-25
  • 通信作者: 梁建伟, 王锡山
  • 基金资助:
    中国癌症基金会北京希望马拉松专项基金(No.LC2017A19); 首都卫生发展专项项目(No.2016-2-4022); 首都临床特色应用研究与成果推广(No.Z151100004015120)

Analysis of risk factors of complications after total laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES IV

Wei Pei1, Sicheng Zhou1, Haitao Zhou1, Qian Liu1, Zhaoxu Zheng1, Xu Guan1, Zheng Liu1, Zheng Jiang1, Jianwei Liang1,(), Xishan Wang1,(), Zhixiang Zhou1   

  1. 1. Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
  • Received:2020-03-21 Published:2020-06-25
  • Corresponding author: Jianwei Liang, Xishan Wang
  • About author:
    Corresponding authors: Liang Jianwei, Email:
    Wang Xishan, Email:
引用本文:

裴炜, 周思成, 周海涛, 刘骞, 郑朝旭, 关旭, 刘正, 姜争, 梁建伟, 王锡山, 周志祥. 结直肠癌腹腔镜经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES IV式)术后并发症危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2020, 09(03): 240-244.

Wei Pei, Sicheng Zhou, Haitao Zhou, Qian Liu, Zhaoxu Zheng, Xu Guan, Zheng Liu, Zheng Jiang, Jianwei Liang, Xishan Wang, Zhixiang Zhou. Analysis of risk factors of complications after total laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES IV[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2020, 09(03): 240-244.

目的

探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)术后发生并发症的相关危险因素。

方法

采用回顾性病例对照研究方法,收集并分析自2014年1月~2019年6月在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院结直肠外科行结直肠癌NOSES IV式手术患者的临床病理资料。共纳入172例患者,分析患者一般资料、病理资料、术者经验、术中情况等临床资料与术后并发症的关系,应用χ2检验进行单因素分析,并将有意义因素纳入logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。

结果

172例患者中,共21例(12.2%)患者出现术后并发症,常见并发症依次为腹盆腔感染(4.7%)、吻合口漏(3.5%)、腹腔出血(1.7%)、肺部感染(1.7%)、吻合口狭窄(1.2%)、直肠阴道瘘(1.2%)、肺栓塞(1.2%)、切口感染(1.2%)。单因素分析结果显示:肿瘤直径(χ2=5.144,P=0.023)、术者经验(χ2=4.412,P=0.042)、手术时间(χ2=4.713,P=0.030)是影响NOSES IV式术后出现并发症的相关因素。进一步将单因素分析有统计学意义的因素纳入Logistic回归分析,结果显示,手术时间(OR=3.317,95%CI:1.024~10.747;P=0.046)是NOSES IV式术后并发症发生的独立危险因素。

结论

手术时间≥135 min是结直肠癌腹腔镜NOSES IV式术后并发症发生的独立危险因素。严格把握NOSES适应证、熟练灵活使用腔镜器械是降低NOSES术后并发症的有效保障。

Objective

To investigate the risk factors of complications after laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer by natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES).

Methods

A retrospective case-control study was conducted to collect and analyze the clinicopathological data of patients who underwent total laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer by NOSES IV at Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from January 2014 to June 2019. A total of 172 patients were included in the study. To analyze the relationship between the patient′s clinical data, such as general information, the surgeon′s experience, intraoperative conditions and the occurrence of postoperative complications. Univariate analysis were conducted by the chi-squared test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze statistically significant variables in univariate analysis.

Results

Of the 172 patients, 21(12.2%) had complications after surgery. The incidence of postoperative complications ranged from high to low, respectively, for abdominal or pelvic infection (4.7%), anastomotic leakage (3.5%), abdominal hemorrhage (1.7%), pulmonary infection (1.7%), anastomotic stenosis (1.2%), rectovaginal leakage(1.2%), pulmonary embolism (1.2%), and incision infection (1.2%). On univariate analysis, the occurrence of postoperative complications was associated with tumor size (χ2=5.144, P=0.023)、operation eperience (χ2=4.412, P=0.042) and operaton time (χ2=4.713, P=0.030). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that operation time≥135min (OR=3.317, 95%CI: 1.024~10.747; P=0.046) was only independent risk factor for postoperative complications.

Conclusion

The operative time≥135 min was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications of NOSES IV in colorectal cancer. It is an effective guarantee to strictly observe the indication of NOSES and skillfully and flexibly use the laparocscopic instrument to reduce postoperative complications of NOSES.

表1 172例行NOSES IV式的结直肠癌患者术后并发症分布[例(%)]
表2 172例行NOSES IV式的结直肠癌患者术后发生并发症的单因素分析[例(%)]
影响因素 术后并发症组(n=21) 无术后并发症组(n=151) χ2 P
年龄(岁) ? ? 3.095 0.079
? <60 6(28.6) 74(49.0) ? ?
? ≥60 15(71.4) 77(51.0) ? ?
性别 ? ? 0.538 0.463
? 14(66.7) 88(58.3) ? ?
? 7(33.3) 63(41.7) ? ?
体质指数(kg/m2 ? ? 0.812 0.367
? <24 14(66.7) 85(56.3) ? ?
? ≥24 7(33.3) 66(43.7) ? ?
美国麻醉医师协会评分 ? ? 0.032 0.859
? Ⅰ~Ⅱ 20(95.2) 138(91.4) ? ?
? Ⅲ-Ⅳ 1(4.8) 13(8.6) ? ?
新辅助治疗 ? ? 0.176 0.675
? 2(9.5) 7(4.6) ? ?
? 19(90.5) 144(95.4) ? ?
肿瘤位置 ? ? 0.695 0.154
? 直肠上段 14(66.7) 94(62.3) ? ?
? 乙状结肠 7(33.3) 57(37.7) ? ?
腹部手术史 ? ? 0.021 0.884
? 4(19.0) 35(23.1) ? ?
? 17(81.0) 116(76.9) ? ?
TNM分期 ? ? 2.991 0.084
? I~II 10(47.6) 101(66.9) ? ?
? III 11(52.4) 50(33.1) ? ?
肿瘤直径(cm) ? ? 5.144 0.023
? <4 cm 6(28.6) 83(55.0) ? ?
? ≥4 cm 15(71.4) 68(45.0) ? ?
淋巴结清扫数目(枚) ? ? 0.709 0.400
? <14 2(9.5) 30(19.9) ? ?
? ≥14 19(90.5) 121(19.9) ? ?
术前血清白蛋白水平(g/L) ? ? 0.042 0.838
? <35 5(23.8) 29(19.2) ? ?
? ≥35 16(76.2) 122(80.8) ? ?
手术日期 ? ? 1.554 0.213
? <2018年1月1日 5(23.8) 57(37.7) ? ?
? ≥2018年1月1日 16(76.2) 94(62.3) ? ?
术者经验(例) ? ? 4.412 0.042
? <500 14(66.7) 65(43.0) ? ?
? ≥500 7(33.3) 86(57.0) ? ?
手术时间(min) ? ? 4.713 0.030
? <135 4(19.0) 74(49.0) ? ?
? ≥135 17(81.0) 77(51.0) ? ?
术中出血量(mL) ? ? 3.069 0.080
? <100 16(76.2) 138(91.4) ? ?
? ≥100 5(23.8) 13(8.6) ? ?
表3 172例行NOSES IV式的结直肠癌患者术后发生并发症的多因素分析
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