2011年发表的全球癌症数据显示：在发展中国家，胰腺癌发病率和死亡率在男性分别为2.7/10万人和2.5/10万人，女性分别为2.1/10万人和2.0/10万人，两者非常接近。5年总生存率仅约5%，而诊断后能切除者仅占20%，术后局部复发率高达50%~80%，5年生存率仅为20%。在40%不可切除的局部晚期和伴有远处转移者，预期寿命仅为6~10个月。然而，其标准综合治疗仍没有达成完全共识。但提高局部控制率和减少治疗毒副反应是治疗的趋势。术中放疗有剂量学优势和直视下进行治疗的优势，已越来越多的应用于胰腺癌的治疗，成为综合治疗中的重要一部分。

Based on the Global Cancer Statistics 2011, in developing country the incidence rate of pancreatic cancer was as high as the mortality rate, which was 2.7 per 100,000 and 2.5 per 100, 000 in males respectively while 2.1 and 2.0 in females respectively. Five-year over survival rate was about 5% for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma historically. Unfortunately, only 20% of patients with tumors were resection after diagnosis, and with 20% of 5 year of survival rate and 50%~80% of local failure rates after resection. Most of patients with advanced diseases (nearly 40%) and metastatic disease (nearly 49%) were unresectable and had only 6 to 10 months to survive. However, the optimal management for the patients with pancreatic cancer patients still requires clarification. At present, all of the treatment is aming to bring more benefits in local control tumor and reduce normal tissue damage. Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is an attractive strategy for administration of a single high dose of ionizing radiation during the surgical intervention targeted at the primary tumor and has the advantage to enabling healthy tissues to be displaced and shielded from the radiation beam. Therefore, IORT should become a significant new method in combined treatment pancreatic cancer.