Colorectal cancer is the second most common malignancy in China, with recurrence and metastasis being the leading causes of poor prognosis. Brain metastases from colorectal cancer are relatively rare among distant metastatic sites but exert a profound adverse impact on patient survival. Despite their low incidence, the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients with brain metastases is significantly worse than that of patients with other metastatic patterns. In recent years, with the advancement of imaging technologies and improvements in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, the detection rate of colorectal cancer brain metastases has shown a gradual increase. This review aims to summarize the latest findings on the epidemiological features, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, novel treatment strategies, and prognostic factors of colorectal cancer brain metastases. It highlights the importance of implementing individualized and precision-based treatment plans through multidisciplinary collaboration, incorporating surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, future research should focus on elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic approaches to improve both the quality of life and overall survival of affected patients.