Colorectal cancer is the second most common malignant tumor in China, and its incidence and mortality rates are on the rise, posing a serious threat to the lives and health of the people. Immunotherapy has brought new breakthroughs in colorectal cancer treatment. However, it is effective only for specific molecular subtypes, controversies persist in multiple aspects. Controversies exist in aspects such as molecular testing, imaging evaluation, selection of advantageous populations, and treatment strategies, which have caused troubles for clinicians in making diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. To standardize and guide the clinical practice of colorectal cancer immunotherapy, the Immunology Group of Colorectal Cancer Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized multidisciplinary experts to develop this consensus. Based on the disease characteristics of colorectal cancer in the Chinese population and China’s existing diagnostic and treatment systems, the consensus recommendations are grounded in evidence-based medical research. The consensus focuses on imaging evaluation, perioperative treatment, treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC), and future directions, while formulating targeted and practical recommendations. The consensus aims to optimize clinical practice, improve disease control, enhance patient quality of life, and prolong survival.