On the occasion of the 110^th anniversary of the Chinese Medical Association, this article reviews the development of minimally invasive surgery in China, with a focus on the innovative journey of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES). As an original Chinese minimally invasive technique, NOSES utilizes natural orifices to extract surgical specimens, eliminating the need for traditional abdominal incisions and achieving "minimally invasive within minimally invasive." The paper systematically details the evolution of NOSES from conceptualization to global dissemination, covering its technical origins, theoretical framework, domestic promotion, international influence, and future prospects. Under the leadership and support of the Chinese Medical Association, NOSES has become a global exemplar of Chinese medical innovation, contributing a "Chinese solution" to the advancement of minimally invasive surgery worldwide. The success of NOSES not only reflects the glorious 110-year history of the Chinese Medical Association but also exemplifies the pioneering and excellence-seeking spirit of Chinese medical professionals.