Colorectal cancer, as a common gastrointestinal cancer, has been threating to human health worldwide. In 2017, the United States released the latest colorectal cancer epidemiology. The data show that the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in the United States have been declining in the recent 20 years. According to the data released by China National Cancer Center, the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer in our country are on the rise. Therefore, this article will compare the epidemiological characteristics of colorectal cancer between China and the United States, analyze the corresponding measures taken in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer in the United States, and propose specific strategies: Class I prevention is to change lifestyle and to take preventive drugs; Class II prevention is associated with tumor screening; Class III prevention should improve diagnostic accuracy, formulate and standardize treatment strategy, combine with multidisciplinary treatment, and strengthen follow-up. At the same time, we should deepen our understanding of the overall colorectal control and treatment in three strategic levels: national level, social level and individual level so as to further explore the new direction of prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer with Chinese characteristics.