结直肠癌诊疗场景中人工智能（AI）技术正在快速进入肿瘤筛查、内镜诊疗、影像和病理分析、治疗决策、手术辅助和随访管理等环节，但不同系统在任务定义、数据来源、验证方式、性能指标、安全边界和真实临床适用性方面差异明显，亟须建立面向结直肠癌专病场景的评价框架。为此，中华医学会外科学分会结直肠外科学组、中国抗癌协会大肠癌专业委员会和中国医师协会外科医师分会结直肠外科医师专家组召集国内结直肠外科、消化内镜、影像、病理、肿瘤内科、放疗、AI、医学统计、医疗信息化、伦理与法规等领域的专家组成工作组，基于文献检索、现有指南和监管文件梳理、专家函询及会议讨论，提出了13条推荐意见，并按证据等级和推荐强度进行标注，制定了《结直肠癌人工智能应用场景评测标准专家共识（2026版）》。本共识提出以算法性能、临床安全、临床效用、用户体验、可解释性、伦理合规和持续监管为核心的分层评价框架，重点明确内镜辅助检出、影像和病理辅助诊断、生成式AI和辅助决策、手术相关AI、真实世界监测等场景的评价要求。本共识同时强调，AI系统应定位为临床辅助工具，不能替代临床医师独立作出诊断、治疗或手术决策。结直肠癌AI系统进入临床应用前，应完成与风险等级相匹配的验证，设置专病安全红线，落实医师复核和全生命周期监管。

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are rapidly being applied across all segments of colorectal cancer management, including cancer screening, endoscopic diagnosis and treatment, imaging and pathological analysis, therapeutic decision‐making, intraoperative assistance, and follow‐up management. Nevertheless, substantial disparities exist among various AI systems in terms of task definition, data sources, validation methodologies, performance metrics, safety thresholds, and real‐world clinical practicability. There is an urgent need to establish a dedicated evaluation framework tailored to clinical scenarios specific to colorectal cancer. To address this demand, the Colorectal Surgery Group of the Chinese Society of Surgery (Chinese Medical Association), the Colorectal Cancer Committee of China Anti‐Cancer Association, and the Colorectal Surgeon Expert Group of the Surgeon Branch (Chinese Medical Doctor Association) jointly assembled a working group composed of specialists covering colorectal surgery, digestive endoscopy, medical imaging, pathology, medical oncology, radiation oncology, artificial intelligence, medical statistics, medical informatization, medical ethics, and regulations. Through systematic literature retrieval, collation of existing clinical guidelines and regulatory documents, expert letter consultations, and panel discussions, the working group formulated 13 recommendations graded by levels of evidence and strength of recommendation, and developed the Expert Consensus on Evaluation Standards for Artificial Intelligence Applications in Colorectal Cancer (2026 Edition). This consensus establishes a tiered evaluation framework centered on seven core dimensions: algorithmic performance, clinical safety, clinical efficacy, user experience, model interpretability, ethical compliance, and continuous supervision. It further clarifies targeted evaluation requirements for key AI application scenarios, including AI‐assisted lesion detection during endoscopy, AI‐aided diagnosis via imaging and pathological slides, generative AI and clinical decision support, intraoperative AI assistance, and real‐world surveillance of AI systems. The consensus underscores that AI systems shall only serve as auxiliary clinical tools and must not replace clinicians to independently render diagnostic, therapeutic or surgical decisions. Prior to clinical deployment, all AI systems for colorectal cancer shall undergo rigorous validation commensurate with their risk classification, implement disease‐specific safety red lines, mandate mandatory clinician review, and enforce full‐lifecycle supervision throughout clinical use.