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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 122 -132. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2026.02.004

论著

行二代测序结直肠癌患者cMET的表达水平与临床病理特征和分子特征的相关性及预后价值的研究
张雨霄, 潘怡, 邱田, 邹霜梅()   
  1. 100021 北京,国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院病理科
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-09 出版日期:2026-04-25
  • 通信作者: 邹霜梅

Correlation of cMET expression with clinicopathological features and molecular characteristics and its prognostic value in colorectal cancer patients undergoing next-generation sequencing

Yuxiao Zhang, Yi Pan, Tian Qiu, Shuangmei Zou()   

  1. Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
  • Received:2025-10-09 Published:2026-04-25
  • Corresponding author: Shuangmei Zou
引用本文:

张雨霄, 潘怡, 邱田, 邹霜梅. 行二代测序结直肠癌患者cMET的表达水平与临床病理特征和分子特征的相关性及预后价值的研究[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2026, 15(02): 122-132.

Yuxiao Zhang, Yi Pan, Tian Qiu, Shuangmei Zou. Correlation of cMET expression with clinicopathological features and molecular characteristics and its prognostic value in colorectal cancer patients undergoing next-generation sequencing[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 15(02): 122-132.

目的

旨在探讨细胞间充质上皮转化因子(cMET)在结直肠癌中的表达情况、其与临床病理特征及分子特征的相关性,以及对患者预后的影响,从而为临床治疗决策提供参考。

方法

回顾性研究纳入2017年4月至2023年12月期间于国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院接受手术治疗的314例结直肠癌患者。采用免疫组织化学(IHC)方法检测cMET表达水平,并通过二代测序(NGS)检测肿瘤组织中有无间充质上皮转化因子(MET)及其他常见基因(BRAF、KRAS、NRAS、TP53、PIK3CA等)的遗传学改变。患者临床数据从电子病历系统中提取,并分析复发和生存的随访信息。

结果

在314例患者中,cMET低表达组248例,高表达组66例。Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者246例,占78.34%。中位无病生存期(DFS)为11个月,出现复发或转移292例,占92.99%。cMET表达水平仅与肿瘤分化程度相关。同时,不同部位的肿瘤基因改变存在差异。仅在1例患者中检测到MET基因低倍扩增。Kaplan-Meier分析显示,在Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者中,cMET高表达组的DFS较短(χ2=6.224,P=0.013)。单因素及多因素Cox回归分析显示,cMET表达水平(HR=2.542,P=0.015)和N分期(HR=2.668,P=0.019)是Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者预后不良的独立危险因素。

结论

cMET可以作为预测Ⅳ期结直肠癌患者生存的有效标志物,cMET高表达组患者的DFS更短。

Objective

To investigate the expression of cellular Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition Factor (cMET) in colorectal cancer, its relationship with clinicopathological features and molecular characteristics, and its prognostic value, in order to inform clinical decision-making.

Methods

In this retrospective study, 314 colorectal cancer patients who underwent surgery at the National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College between April 2017 and December 2023 were included. cMET expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and genetic alterations in MET and other common genes (BRAF, KRAS, NRAS, TP53, PIK3CA) were analyzed via next-generation sequencing. Clinical data were collected from electronic medical records, and recurrence and survival outcomes were evaluated using SPSS.

Results

Among the 314 patients, 248 had low cMET expression and 66 had high expression. Most patients(78.34%, 246/314) had stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ disease. The median disease-free survival was 11 months, with 292 cases (92.99%) experiencing recurrence or metastasis. cMET expression was associated only with tumor differentiation, and genetic alterations varied by tumor location. Only one case showed low-level MET amplification. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated shorter disease-free survival in stage Ⅳ patients with high cMET expression (χ2=6.224, P=0.013). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses confirmed that cMET expression (HR=2.542, P=0.015) and N stage (HR=2.668, P=0.019) were independent risk factors for worse disease-free survival in stage Ⅳ colorectal cancer.

Conclusion

cMET expression can serve as a useful prognostic indicator in stage Ⅳ colorectal cancer, with high cMET expression associated with shorter disease-free survival.

表1 cMET表达水平与临床病理特征及分子特征的相关性[例(%)]
图1 结直肠癌中cMET表达的HE与IHC特征。1A:中分化腺癌(HE×20):显示肿瘤组织于肠壁肌层浸润生长,主要呈腺管结构,局部腔内可见黏液分泌;1B:中-低分化腺癌(HE×20):显示肿瘤组织分化良好的区域保留了相对完整的腺体结构,低分化区域表现出腺体融合和微乳头结构;1C:cMET高表达(IHC×20):肿瘤细胞呈弥漫强阳性,细胞膜与细胞质强着色;1D:cMET低表达(IHC×20):肿瘤细胞呈局灶弱阳性,细胞膜与细胞质弱着色
表2 cMET表达水平与多分子特征的关联性联合分析[例(%)]
表3 左半结肠、右半结肠与分子特征的相关性[例(%)]
图2 结直肠癌患者DFS的Kaplan-Meier生存分析。2A:Ⅳ期患者cMET表达分层生存曲线;2B:所有患者cMET表达水平分层生存曲线;2C:Ⅳ期患者原发肿瘤部位分层生存曲线;2D:所有患者原发肿瘤部位分层生存曲线;2E:所有患者MSI状态分层生存曲线;2F:接受新辅助化疗的KRAS野生型患者联合cMET表达水平和TP53突变状态分层的生存曲线;2G:接受新辅助化疗的KRAS突变组患者按TP53状态分层的生存曲线;2H:接受新辅助化疗的KRAS野生型患者按TP53突变状态分层的生存曲线
表4 预后因素分析
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