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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (05) : 433 -439. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2020.05.001

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肛管鳞癌诊治研究进展
林曜1, 张鹏1, 陶凯雄1,()   
  1. 1. 430022 武汉,华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院胃肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-28 出版日期:2020-10-25
  • 通信作者: 陶凯雄
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(No. 81702386,No. 81874184); 希思科-豪森肿瘤研究基金(No.Y-HS2019-38)

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of squamous cell anal carcinoma

Yao Lin1, Peng Zhang1, Kaixiong Tao1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
  • Received:2019-09-28 Published:2020-10-25
  • Corresponding author: Kaixiong Tao
引用本文:

林曜, 张鹏, 陶凯雄. 肛管鳞癌诊治研究进展[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2020, 09(05): 433-439.

Yao Lin, Peng Zhang, Kaixiong Tao. Progress in diagnosis and treatment of squamous cell anal carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2020, 09(05): 433-439.

肛管鳞癌(SCAC)是一种少见的恶性肿瘤,但近年来发病率持续增高。SCAC是HPV相关鳞癌,其危险因素包括HPV、HIV感染、高风险性生活等。SCAC症状与直肠腺癌相似,诊断以病理活检为金标准,另可行18F-FDG PET/CT扫描检测淋巴结转移水平。此外各指南更新了SCAC的最新TNM分期和临床分期。SCAC治疗手段以放化疗为主,手术切除为辅。近年来放化疗方案已不仅是传统的5-氟尿嘧啶+丝裂霉素/铂类+放疗方案,卡培他滨及紫杉醇等药物以及调强适形放射治疗(IMRT)等先进放疗技术相继应用到治疗中。同时靶向及免疫治疗运用于SCAC治疗的相关研究也在积极开展中。

Squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) is a cancer with a low incidence, but the incidence has continued to increase in recent years. SCAC is a HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma with risk factors including HPV, HIV infection, and high-risk life. The symptoms of SCAC are similar to those of rectal adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis is based on pathological biopsy, and 18F-FDG PET / CT scan is feasible to detect lymph node metastasis levels. In addition, the guidelines update the latest TNM staging and clinical staging of SCAC. The treatment of SCAC is mainly chemoradiotherapy, supplemented by surgical resection. In recent years, the chemoradiotherapy scheme has not only been the traditional 5-fluorouracil + mitomycin/platinum + RT scheme, drugs such as capecitabine, paclitaxel and other advanced radiotherapy technologies such as IMRT have been added to the therapeutic schedule. At the same time, related research on targeting and immunotherapy for SCAC treatment is also actively underway.

表1 AJCC第八版与第七版TNM分期比较[25,26]
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