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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (01) : 19 -25. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2020.01.005

所属专题: 文献

论著

结直肠癌患者术后吻合口漏的危险因素分析
高倩闽1, 陈昕涛1, 陈伟2, 姚厚山3,()   
  1. 1. 200433 海军军医大学基础医学院学员四大队
    2. 200003 上海市,海军军医大学附属上海长征医院药材科
    3. 200003 上海市,海军军医大学附属上海长征医院普外一科
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-17 出版日期:2020-02-20
  • 通信作者: 姚厚山

Risk factors of postoperative anastomotic leakage in patients with colorectal cancer

Qianmin Gao1, Xintao Chen1, Wei Chen2, Houshan Yao3,()   

  1. 1. Fourth Team of Basic Medicine College, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    2. Department of Pharmacy, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
    3. Department of Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
  • Received:2019-07-17 Published:2020-02-20
  • Corresponding author: Houshan Yao
引用本文:

高倩闽, 陈昕涛, 陈伟, 姚厚山. 结直肠癌患者术后吻合口漏的危险因素分析[J]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2020, 09(01): 19-25.

Qianmin Gao, Xintao Chen, Wei Chen, Houshan Yao. Risk factors of postoperative anastomotic leakage in patients with colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2020, 09(01): 19-25.

目的

探讨结直肠癌术后发生吻合口漏(AL)的危险因素。

方法

回顾性分析2010年12月~2014年4月在上海长征医院普外科接受手术治疗的926例结直肠癌患者的病例资料,通过病例对照分析和χ2检验,在临床病理分类的变量中筛选AL的危险因素,通过Logistic回归进行多因素分析,筛选独立的危险因素。

结果

高血压病史、腹腔镜手术、未预防性造口是AL的独立危险因素(OR=1.907,2.252,5.556;P=0.016,0.006,0.001)。亚组分析显示:结肠癌亚组中,左半结肠是AL的危险因素(OR=2.519,P=0.032);直肠癌亚组中,高血压病史、腹腔镜手术和未预防性造口是AL的独立危险因素(OR=2.597,7.609,9.346;P=0.012,0.007,<0.001);腹腔镜手术亚组中,高血压病史、未预防性造口、术中出血≥ 400 mL是AL的独立危险因素(OR=2.407,5.376,3.922;P=0.006,0.002,0.001);未预防性造口亚组中,高血压病史、腹腔镜手术和直肠癌是AL的独立危险因素(OR=1.969,1.859,1.716;P=0.015,0.046,0.059);直肠癌未预防性造瘘亚组中,高血压、腹腔镜和手术时间≥ 3 h是AL的独立危险因素(OR=2.796,7.346,2.287;P=0.012,0.008,0.046);开腹手术亚组和预防性造口亚组无AL的危险因素。

结论

对于存在高血压病史、腹腔镜手术且未预防性造口的直肠癌患者,需要密切关注、针对性预防,以期减少术后AL的发生。

Objective

To explore the independent risk factors of postoperative anastomotic leakage (AL) in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods

Retrospectively analyze the data of 926 patients with colorectal cancer who received surgery in the Department of Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital from Dec 2010 to Apr 2014. Through case-control analysis and chi-square test, the risk factors of AL were screened in the variables of clinicopathological classification. Multivariate analysis was used by logistic regression to screen independent risk factors.

Results

Hypertension, laparoscopy surgery and non-defunctioning stoma were independent risk factors for AL in overall samples (OR=1.907, 2.252, 5.556; P=0.016, 0.006, 0.001, respectively). Subgroup analysis showed that left colon was a risk factor of AL in colon cancer subgroup (OR=2.519, P=0.032). Hypertension, laparoscopic and non-defunctioning stoma were independent risk factors in rectal cancer subgroup (OR=2.597, 7.609, 9.346; P=0.012, 0.007, <0.001, respectively). Hypertension, non-defunctioning stoma and bleeding ≥ 400 mL were independent risk factors in laparoscopic subgroup (OR=2.407, 5.376, 3.922; P=0.006, 0.002, 0.001, respectively). Hypertension, laparoscopy surgery and rectal cancer were independent risk factors in non-defunctioning stoma subgroup (OR=1.969, 1.859, 1.716; P=0.015, 0.046, 0.059, respectively). Hypertension, laparoscopy surgery and operative time≥ 3 h were independent risk factors in rectal cancer patients with non-defunctioning stoma subgroup (OR=2.796, 7.346, 2.287; P=0.012, 0.008, 0.046, respectively).

Conclusion

For rectal cancer patients with hypertension, laparoscopic and non-defunctioning stoma, close attention should be paid and targeted prevention are needed to reduce the occurrence of postoperative AL.

表1 926例结直肠癌患者的临床病理因素
表2 吻合口漏危险因素的单因素分析
临床病理因素 患者数 病例数(%) OR值(95% CI P
年龄     0.465
  青年 105 5(4.8)    
  中年 334 20(6.0)    
  老年 487 37(7.6)    
性别     0.700(0.407~1.205) 0.196
  540 41(7.6)    
  386 21(5.4)    
BMI     0.436
  偏瘦 60 2(3.3)    
  正常 608 38(6.3)    
  超重 258 22(8.5)    
ASA     0.177
  84 1(1.2)    
  756 54(7.1)    
  83 7(8.4)    
  3 0(0.0)    
高血压     1.852(1.103~3.112) 0.018*
  307 29(9.4)    
  619 33(5.3)    
糖尿病     0.533(0.189~1.500) 0.316
  103 4(3.9)    
  823 58(7.0)    
冠心病或心律不齐     1.499(0.517~4.345) 0.664
  42 4(9.5)    
  884 58(6.6)    
脑梗死     1.407(0.321~6.161) 0.981
  22 2(9.1)    
  904 60(6.6)    
白细胞计数#     0.516(0.069~3.870) 0.789
  偏高 27 1(3.7)    
  正常 880 61(6.9)    
血红蛋白#     1.512(0.831~2.751) 0.174
  正常 617 47(7.6)    
  贫血 290 15(5.2)    
谷丙转氨酶#     0.503(0.120~2.112) 0.496
  偏高 55 2(3.6)    
  正常 859 60(7.0)    
谷草转氨酶#     0.676(0.159~2.864) 0.825
  偏高 42 2(4.8)    
  正常 871 60(6.9)    
白蛋白#     2.942(0.705~12.274) 0.188
  正常 835 60(7.2)    
偏低 78 2(2.6)    
CEA#     0.928(0.539~1.598) 0.787
  偏高 339 22(6.5)    
  正常 546 38(7.0)    
CA19-9#     0.512(0.201~1.306) 0.154
  偏高 131 5(3.8)    
  正常 751 54(7.2)    
粪便隐血#     1.267(0.636~2.524) 0.501
  阳性 352 22(6.3)    
  阴性 280 14(5.0)    
根治手术     0.720(0.219~2.368) 0.782
  60 3(5.0)    
  866 59(6.8)    
腹腔镜手术     1.891(1.065~3.357) 0.027*
  549 45(8.2)    
  377 17(4.5)    
预防造瘘     5.051(1.812~14.085) 0.001*
  699 58(8.3)    
  227 4(1.8)    
手术时间     1.323(0.790~2.215) 0.287
  ≥3 h 403 31(7.7)    
  <3 h 523 31(5.9)    
出血量     1.757(0.940~3.283) 0.074
  ≥400 mL 137 14(10.2)    
  <400 mL 789 48(6.1)    
输血     0.995(0.416~2.378) 0.991
  90 6(6.7)    
  836 56(6.7)    
肿瘤部位     1.159(0.692~1.943) 0.575
  直肠 461 33(7.2)    
  结肠 465 29(6.2)    
TNM分期     0.729
  198 11(5.6)    
  290 23(7.9)    
  340 21(6.2)    
  98 7(7.1)    
肿瘤大小     0.959(0.500~1.839) 0.899
  ≥5 cm 185 12(6.5)    
  <5 cm 741 50(6.7)    
分化程度#     0.803
  高分化 43 4(9.3)    
  中分化 700 46(6.6)    
  低分化 181 12(6.6)    
表3 吻合口漏危险因素的多因素Logistic分析
表4 直肠癌亚组吻合口漏危险因素的多因素Logistic分析
表5 腹腔镜手术亚组吻合口漏危险因素的多因素Logistic分析
表6 未预防性造口亚组吻合口漏危险因素的多因素Logistic分析
表7 直肠癌未预防性造瘘亚组吻合口漏危险因素的多因素Logistic分析
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