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中华结直肠疾病电子杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (06) : 464 -471. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2024.06.004

梗阻性结直肠癌专栏

可扩张金属支架置入联合新辅助化疗治疗完全梗阻性左半结肠癌围手术期并发症分析
石阳1, 于剑锋2, 曹可1, 翟志伟1, 叶春祥1, 王振军1,(), 韩加刚1,()   
  1. 1.100020 北京,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院普通外科
    2.100020 北京,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院消化内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-27 出版日期:2024-12-25
  • 通信作者: 王振军, 韩加刚
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.82070685)北京朝阳医院多学科临床创新团队项目(No.CYDXK202206)北京市卫生健康科技成果和适宜技术推广项目(No.BHTPP2024063)

Perioperative complication analysis of self-expanding metallic stents (sems) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of complete obstructive left-sided colon cancer

Yang Shi1, Jianfeng Yu2, Ke Cao1, Zhiwei Zhai1, Chunxiang Ye1, Zhenjun Wang1,(), Jiagang Han1,()   

  1. 1.Department of General Surgery,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China
    2.Department of Gastroenterology,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China
  • Received:2024-10-27 Published:2024-12-25
  • Corresponding author: Zhenjun Wang, Jiagang Han
引用本文:

石阳, 于剑锋, 曹可, 翟志伟, 叶春祥, 王振军, 韩加刚. 可扩张金属支架置入联合新辅助化疗治疗完全梗阻性左半结肠癌围手术期并发症分析[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2024, 13(06): 464-471.

Yang Shi, Jianfeng Yu, Ke Cao, Zhiwei Zhai, Chunxiang Ye, Zhenjun Wang, Jiagang Han. Perioperative complication analysis of self-expanding metallic stents (sems) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of complete obstructive left-sided colon cancer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Colorectal Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 13(06): 464-471.

目的

评估可扩张金属支架(SEMS)联合新辅助化疗对完全梗阻性左半结肠癌患者围手术期并发症的影响,并探讨支架相关并发症的管理。

方法

本研究回顾性分析了2012 年1 月至2023 年5 月在首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院收治的93 例完全梗阻性左半结肠癌患者的临床资料。根据治疗方案,将患者分为支架组(44 例)和支架-新辅助组(49 例)。主要观察SEMS 置入后支架相关并发症发生率(穿孔、再次梗阻、移位、梗阻不缓解)及支架相关并发症的管理。

结果

所有患者均获随访。支架-新辅助组患者的术后早期并发症发生率显著低于支架组(14.3% vs.38.6%,P=0.007)。支架-新辅助组的腹腔镜手术比例(85.7% vs. 61.4%,P=0.007)、术后住院时间(10.88±5.60天 vs. 13.30±5.82 天,P=0.044)、回肠造口率(10.6% vs. 28.6%,P=0.037)均优于支架组。支架相关并发症的发生率在两组之间差异无统计学意义(14.3% vs. 13.6%,P=0.928),其中穿孔(6.1% vs. 6.8%,P=1.000)、再次梗阻(6.1% vs. 4.5%,P=1.000)、移位(2.0% vs. 0.0%,P=1.000)、梗阻不缓解发生率(0.0%vs.2.3%,P=0.473)差异均无统计学意义。穿孔共发生6 例(6.5%)。支架-新辅助组3 例(6.1%),分别发生于SEMS 置入后7 天、8 天、188 天;支架组共发生3 例(6.8%),分别发生于SEMS 置入后4 天、5 天、13 天。其中再次梗阻发生5 例(5.4%)。支架-新辅助组3 例(6.1%),分别发生于SEMS 置入后69 天、75 天、76 天;支架组2 例(4.5%),分别发生于SEMS 置入后74 天、139 天。移位发生1 例(1.1%),为支架-新辅助组的患者(2.0%),发生于SEMS 置入后93 天。梗阻不缓解发生1 例(1.1%),为支架组的患者(2.3%),于SEMS 置入后5 天确认。

结论

可扩张金属支架联合新辅助化疗可改善完全梗阻性左半结肠癌患者的手术效果,并不额外增加支架相关并发症风险。

Objective

To evaluate the impact of self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy on postoperative complications in patients with completely obstructive leftsided colon cancer, and to explore the management of stent-related complications.

Methods

This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 93 patients with completely obstructive left-sided colon cancer who were treated at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2012 to May 2023.According to the treatment plan, patients were divided into the stent group (44 cases) and the stentneoadjuvant group (49 cases).The main observations were the postoperative stent-related complications rate (perforation, reobstruction, migration, and unresolved obstruction) and the management of stent-related complications.

Results

All patients were followed up.The incidence of early postoperative complications in the stent-neoadjuvant group was significantly lower than in the stent group (14.3% vs. 38.6%, P=0.007).The stent-neoadjuvant group had better outcomes in terms of the proportion of laparoscopic surgery (85.7%vs. 61.4%, P=0.007), postoperative hospital stay (10.88±5.60 days vs.13.30±5.82 days, P=0.044), and ileostomy rate (10.6% vs. 28.6%,P=0.037).There was no significant difference in the incidence of stentrelated complications between the two groups (14.3% vs. 13.6%, P=0.928), including perforation (6.1% vs.6.8%, P=1.000), reobstruction(6.1% vs. 4.5%, P=1.000), migration(2.0% vs.0.0%, P=1.000), and unresolved obstruction (0.0% vs. 2.3%, P=0.473), respectively.A total of six cases (6.5%) of stent-related perforation occurred.Three cases (6.1%) in the stent-neoadjuvant group occurred 7, 8, and 13 days after stent placement,respectively.Three cases (6.8%) in the stent group occurred 4, 5, and 18 days after stent placement.Five cases(5.4%) of reobstruction were recorded.Three cases (6.1%) in the stent-neoadjuvant group occurred 69, 75 and 76 days after stent placement, while two cases (4.5%) in the stent group occurred 74, and 139 days after stent placement.One case (1.1%) of migration occurred in the stent-neoadjuvant group (2.0%), ninety-three days after surgery.One case (1.1%) of unresolved obstruction occurred in the stent group (2.3%) 5 days after surgery.

Conclusion

Self-expanding metallic stents combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy can improve surgical outcomes in patients with completely obstructive left-sided colon cancer without increasing the risk of stent-related complications.

续表
支架组(n=44) 支架-新辅助组(n=49) χ 2/t P
性别 0.155 0.693
27(61.4) 32(65.3)
17(38.6) 17(34.7)
年龄(岁) 68.80±11.71 66.80±10.21 1.004 0.319
身体质量指数(kg/m2 22.43±3.68 22.31±3.14 0.168 0.867
合并症 23(52.3) 22(44.9) 0.505 0.477
高血压 22(50.0) 16(32.7) 2.887 0.089
糖尿病 2(4.5) 6(12.2) 1.748 0.186
冠心病 2(4.5) 4(8.2) 0.503 0.478
ASA分级 2.604 0.457
1 1(2.3) 0(0.0)
2 26(59.1) 33(67.3)
3 14(31.8) 15(30.6)
4 3(6.8) 1(2.0)
肿瘤位置 0.448 0.930
横结肠 3(6.8) 2(4.1)
脾曲 2(4.5) 3(6.1)
降结肠 12(27.3) 13(26.5)
乙状结肠 27(61.4) 31(63.3)
T分期 1.808 0.179
T3 19(43.2) 28(57.1)
T4 25(56.8) 21(42.9)
N分期 3.179 0.204
N0 22(50.0) 25(51.0)
N1 12(27.3) 19(38.8)
N2 10(22.7) 5(10.2)
TNM分期 0.010 0.922
22(50.0) 25(51.0)
22(50.0) 24(49.0)
分化程度 3.103 0.212
高分化 0(0.0) 1(2.0)
中分化 40(90.9) 47(95.9)
低分化 4(9.1) 1(2.0)
血红蛋白 107.64±16.17 103.0±16.60 1.221 0.226
血小板(109/L) 232.03±70.06 205.82±67.95 1.659 0.101
肌酐(umol/L) 61.46±15.94 54.76±18.51 1.822 0.072
白蛋白(g/L) 30.91±7.11 32.41±7.85 -0.941 0.349
ALT(U/L) 18.45±14.16 16.30±9.82 0.841 0.403
AST(U/L) 21.60±10.69 22.36±10.72 -0.337 0.737
支架组(n=44) 支架-新辅助组(n=49) χ 2/t P
淋巴细胞(109/L) 0.98±0.66 1.07±0.87 -0.563 0.575
中性粒细胞(109/L) 8.29±3.31 7.35±2.89 1.429 0.157
术前等待时间(天) 29.29±27.53 75.19±38.44 -6.006 0.001
手术方式 7.179 0.007
腹腔镜 27(61.4) 42(85.7)
开放式手术 17(38.6) 7(14.3)
手术时间(min) 218.23±87.70 213.78±95.62 0.233 0.816
手术出血量(mL) 139.32±126.66 132.45±112.87 0.277 0.783
术后住院时间(天) 13.30±5.82 10.88±5.60 2.041 0.044
回肠造口率 10(28.6) 5(10.6) 4.316 0.037
表2 支架组与支架-新辅助组完全梗阻性结直肠癌患者的并发症发生率比较[例(%)]
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